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A SELECT
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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CONTENTS
Introduction
PART I: REFERENCE MATERIALS
Reference Works
Directories
Periodicals and Yearbooks
PART II: HISTORICAL STUDIES
General Histories
The Industry Before the Factory The Rise of
the Factory, 1760-1820
The Age of the Factory, 1820-1860
Lancashire Cotton Famine, 1861-1865
The Victorian Golden Age, 1865-1896
Indian Summer, 1896-1914
The Long Decline, 1914-1939
End of the Industry, 1940-1980
LANCASHIRE COTTON AND THE WORLD
Europe
Middle and Near East
United States
Latin and South America
Africa
Asia
China
India
Japan
COMPANY HISTORIES
WORKING AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS
General
Women
Children
Factory Reform
Health and Safety
EMPLOYERS' ORGANISATIONS
International
Regional and Town
TRADE UNIONS
General Studies
Industrial Disputes
INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY
PART III: TECHNICAL WORKS
Dictionaries
General Studies
The Cotton Fibre and its Preparation
Spinning Processes
Weaving Processes
Finishing Processes
PART IV: GOVERNMENT
PUBLICATIONS
Cotton
Factories
Cotton Famine
Cotton Finishing
Cotton Supply and
Cultivation
Cotton Trade
Handloom Weaving
Twentieth Century
PART V: THESES
PART VI: ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS
LOCATIONS AND CONTACT ADDRESSES
HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE INDUSTRY
Like many of Britain's great industries, the cotton industry has generated a prodigious
historical literature, covering the major economic and technical aspects of the industry
as well as the social impact which cotton made upon the lives of those living and working
in the shadow of the mill. The importance of the cotton industry in the North West of
England ensured that as the industry grew, the number and diversity of accounts increased
in proportion to the development of the trade.
EARLY ACCOUNTS
Early contemporary works were biassed towards the technical, organisational, legal and
economic aspects of the cotton industry, rather than the consideration of the wider
implications of the bourgeoning cotton industry for the rapidly expanding workforce. Later
generations of historians were to draw conclusions regarding the transformation of working
lives brought about by production being moved out of the home and into the more intensive,
regimented and impersonal environment of the factory. Similarly, later studies have put
the events of the pre-Industrial and Industrial Revolution periods into context. Early
contemporary accounts include localised studies such as James Ogden's A Description of
Manchester (1783) which details the rise of the industry in Cottonopolis. More common than
such general accounts were specific pamphlets which dealt with the burning issues of the
day such as patenting, importation and the avoidance of sharp practice.
NINETEENTH CENTURY ACCOUNTS
The Age of Reform
The changing character of the industry was mirrored by the changing character of the
historical literature. By the early part of the century, industrialisation impinged on the
lives of those working in the cotton industry to such an extent that the factory reform
movement gathered pace, the literature of this period being spearheaded by men such as
Peter Gaskell, William and
Samuel Greg, James Phillips Kay,
Richard Oastler (the
"King of Factory Children), Robert Owen,
Michael Sadler, Samuel Kydd, and those who
had been victims of the cruelties and privations of the factory system such as
William
Dodd. As the century wore on, concerns about welfare continued to follow in the grimy
shadow of the Industrial Revolution, particularly the effects of the factory system on the
individual and the family. Factory Commissioners such as
Leonard Horner helped to enforce
the Factory Acts, which were passed with the help of prominent figures such as
Robert Peel
and Anthony Ashley Cooper (7th Earl of Shaftesbury). There was, of course, a complementary
movement which sought to defend the factory masters against the onslaughts of the factory
reformers, a particularly forceful repudiation made by
Harriet Martineau, who warned
against "meddling legislation." The pressure for reform came from both ends of
the workforce. While those in authority were keen to ameliorate the condition of factory
workers from on high, as it were, and the trades union movement began to develop its own
identity and strategies for improving working conditions and pay. Early associations such
as the Friendly Associated Cotton Spinners,
formed in 1795 and the Union of Weavers had their own agenda and champions, such as
Colonel Joseph Hanson, "the Weaver's Friend".
Lancashire Cotton Famine
Between the rise of the cotton industry and its consolidation as one of Britain's major
trades comes the major discontinuity of the Cotton Famine. The advent of the American
Civil War saw American raw cotton supplies dwindle, and between 1861-1865 the suffering of
workers in the cotton industry - especially in Lancashire - where thousands upon thousands
of workers were reduced to poverty. Contemporary historians such as
R. A Arnold, drew parallels
between the privations suffered and the passing of legislation such as the Public Works
Act, while contemporary works of the period were obviously preoccupied with finding other
sources of raw cotton supply. A positive aspect of this dark period of Lancastrian history
is the development of good will brought about by relief committees, near and far, in their
attempts to reduce the suffering incurred by cotton workers throughout their four- year
ordeal. Perhaps the best known general study of the Cotton Famine is W.O.
Henderson's The Lancashire Cotton Famine
1861- 1865 published in 1934.
Biographical Works
A valuable adjunct to the historical studies of the period were the biographies published
throughout the century. These works include studies of the "great men"
(Arkwright, Crompton, Hargreaves, Kay, etc.) of the industry, and biographical and
autobiographical works detailing working-class life in the industry.
Technical Literature
The technical literature continued to grow throughout the Nineteenth Century, both in
quantity and detail. The already prodigious periodical literature was supplemented by
pamphlets and volumes detailing all the technical processes. For instance, James
Butterworth had published his Guide to
Universal Manufacture by 1801 which was one of the first widely available weaving
manuals; Etchells' The Cotton Spinner's Assistant
(1820) provided an even more detailed guide to spinning. The number of technical manuals
increased, as also did the frequency with which they were revised. Towards the end of the
century, the emergence of a generation of specialist experts such as William Scott Taggart
(spinning), James Holmes, Wilfred Middlebrook (weaving), Frederick Crace-Calvert and
Edmund Knecth (finishing) elevated these technical works to new heights.
General Studies
There were a number of good general studies in the Nineteenth Century, which offered a
general overview of the cotton industry, good early examples being James Butterworth's
A Complete History of the Cotton
Trade (1823) and Edward Baines's History of the Cotton
Manufacture in Great Britain (1835). Later in the century, Thomas Ellison offered an
equally comprehensive offering, The Cotton Trade
of Great Britain (1886) which also shifted the focus away from Cottonopolis and
towards the important cotton trading port of Liverpool, so vital to the movement of raw
materials and cotton goods.
TWENTIETH CENTURY ACCOUNTS
A Century of Decline
Whilst the Twentieth Century saw the decline of the cotton industry, it saw the ascendancy
of cotton history. If King Cotton was sick, it was not for the shortage of economic,
social and technical debate generated. If the historian's productivity was no longer
matched by the ailing cotton industry, the same cannot be said for those engaged in the
publication of trade and house journals, directories, technical manuals, economic studies,
official reports and parliamentary papers. Much of the twentieth-century material produced
on the industry has been undertaken by, or on behalf of, a range of organisations
connected with the industry itself (e.g., Empire Cotton Growing Association, International
Federation of Cotton and Allied Textile Industries, Shirley Institute, Textile Institute,
United Textile Factory Workers' Association) or governments (Board of Trade, British
Productivity Council, Cotton Board, Economic Advisory Council, League of Nations,
O.E.C.D.). Indeed, by any standards, the institutional output in this century has been
nothing short of phenomenal: employers' organisations such as the International Federation
of Master Cotton Spinners' and Manufacturers' Associations have published comprehensive
accounts of their meetings and conferences. Trade unions have also been actively involved
in the attempt to reverse the decline of the industry. Individuals have identified a
number of factors relevant to the decline, economic, technological, organisational,
managerial and governmental. In the technical sphere, the ongoing argument relating to the
adoption of new technologies typified by the "stubborn mules" debate of which
Lazonick, Sandberg, Saxonhouse and Wright have written.
Shifting Focus: The Academic Agenda
Modern historical studies have moved the academic agenda towards the plight of the
individual, family and community through the various stages of the industry's history. The
"academisation" of cotton history has also yielded an extremely valuable crop of
theses and dissertations not only on the social, economic and technological aspects of the
cotoon industry, but also its legacy of buildings and communities throughout the North
West region. In recent years, a number of important studies have been undertaken into the
role of the family in the industry,19 and the important role of women in the cotton trade
has been identified in studies such as Pinchbeck's Women Workers and the Industrial
Revolution (1930). The experiences of children in the industry have been related in
autobiographical works such as Michael Conway's Half Timer (a Stockport Mill Boy
Remembers) (1983), and academic studies, as in Per Bolin-Hort (1989), Work, Family and the State: Child Labour and
Organisation of Production of the British Cotton Industry, 1780-1920.
BIBLIOGRAPHIES ON THE INDUSTRY
In dealing with the large and extensive literature of a major industry, the overwhelming
amount of both primary and secondary material can actually work against the understanding
of the subject under consideration: there is simply too much material to easily make sense
of the literature. One need look no further than Benson, Neville and Thompson's superb
Bibliography of the British Coal Industry for confirmation of the value of a dedicated
subject bibliography in helping to identify and organise such a large and diverse
literature. Many the major studies on the cotton industry are appended by excellent
bibliographies, for example, Douglas Farnie's bibliography in The English Cotton Industry
and the World Market, 1815-1896 (1979, pp.340-84), W. O. Henderson's thorough listing in
The Lancashire Cotton Famine 1861-1865. (1934, 1994 repr., pp.157-94), and Anthony Howe's
The Cotton Masters, 1830-1860. (1984, pp.319-41), are just a few of many such
bibliographies.
In the case of subject bibliographies, the most comprehensive was Woodbury's two-volume
work of 1909, Bibliography of the Cotton Manufacture, which provided an early global guide
to the industry. Brian Yates's How to Find Out About the United Kingdom Cotton Industry
(1967), gave excellent coverage to the industry itself, whilst The British Cotton Industry
Research Association/Shirley Institute Summary of Current Literature (1921-) provided
detailed information on technical and other writings. Smaller guides such as the Portico
Library's A Portico Bibliography (1991), and Lancashire Museum Service, I Love the Knell
of the Factory Bell (1980), offered the general reader a selection of general works. More
specialised bibliographies include Coulson's A Bibliography of Design in Britain,
1851-1950 (1979), and Leslie Lawrie, A Bibliography of Dyeing and Textile Printing (1949).
However, other than Volume 13 of the Lancashire Bibliography, Textiles, compiled by Ruth
Cowley in 1991, there is a shortage of comprehensive general bibliographies on this most
important of industries.
INTRODUCTION TO THE BIBLIOGRAPHY
This volume fulfils two purposes. The first is to provide a conclusion to Volume 13:
Textiles: originally, the remit of the second textile volume was to provide a guide to
parliamentary papers, but it quickly became apparent that such was the range of other
materials in the North West - particularly on trade unions, employers' organisations,
technical studies and archival collections - that a fuller study was needed in order to do
justice to the collections of the libraries, museums and archives across the region. The
second purpose is to provide as full and comprehensive guide to cotton as is possible, and
to guide the reader through not only the secondary literature, but also the plethora of
primary source material which exists throughout the North West.
NATURE AND SCOPE OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHY
Our focus in compiling the bibliography has been to concentrate on material collected
around the North West. However, such was the global nature of the cotton industry that any
bibliography covering the whole industry naturally extends beyond the boundaries of
Lancashire, Cheshire, Cumbria and Merseyside. The volume is also a select bibliography,
and although reflecting the extensive cotton literature which exists throughout the world,
the emphasis has been upon that which is available or relevant to North West England. Our
research has enabled us to establish a database of some 6,000 references, of which we were
able to select the most suitable materials. Those interested are therefore welcome to
contact us at the Regional Library System in Manchester, where we will be happy to supply
further information from the database.
Structure of the Work
The bibliography has been organised into six main sections, each addressing a different
aspect of the cotton industry in the North West. Each of these sections contains
individual book lists on relevant subjects. In order to assist the reader in his or her
endeavours to make sense of the literature, it is hoped that these sections proceed in a
clear and logical sequence. Beginning with general reference materials (Part 1), through
the historical/academic studies (Part II), which consist of general and period histories,
international studies, company histories, working and social conditions, employers'
organisations and trades unions. Technical and industrial works follow (Part III), with
dictionaries and general studies preceding works on each of the major cotton processes
(preparation, spinning, weaving and finishing). Parilamentary Papers and Government
Publications (Part IV) are divided into sections on cotton factories, the Cotton Famine,
cotton finishing, cotton supply and cultivation, handloom weaving and Twentieth Century
papers. Academic studies, theses and dissertations follow (Part V). The volume concludes
with Archival collecitons (Part VI).
Scope of the Bibliography
Annotations
During our research, we visited dozens of repositories and reviewed literally thousands of
items. Although we have attempted to survey every reference cited in the volume, such is
the sheer volume of material that we were unable to examine every individual item. We have
included annotations for certain works which we considered in need of clarification or
because of their importance to the literature. These are, of course, to be regarded as a
general guide only, and are by no means a detailed analysis of the work in question. Where
possible, we have also directed the reader to supplementary studies, related items or
critical reviews of the item in question.
Citation Detail
For the sake of brevity, we have included essential information pertaining to each
reference where this was available to us. In the case of books, this includes such
information as city of publication, publisher, year of publication, number of pages,
volume number, series etc., but generally not physical information such as size, number of
illustrations, maps, portraits and supplementary information such as bibliographies,
indexes etc. Where there is an "exceptional" feature (such as an outstanding
bibliography or illustrations, this information is covered in the abstracts). Article
citations generally provide the name of the journal (and series if applicable), volume
number, issue number, date and page numbers. Chapter citations give details of the book
the chapter appears in, its editor, city of publication and publisher, and page numbers.
The archival references are a summary of each of the collections on stock at a particular
repository, and where possible carry the internal accession number in square brackets. For
example, the first entry for Lancashire Record Office, Bury Brothers private ledgers and
stock books can be located at LRO by quoting the number DDX812.
Locations
Besides providing bibliographical information, the volume also serves as a union listing
of material covered. Each location has a unique number: for example, a reference marked
Location: 3, 115, TI indicates that the item is on stock at Lancashire County Library,
Manchester Metropolitan University and the Textile Institute. Although every attempt has
been made to ensure the accuracy of these entries, such are the vicissitudes of the
library world, that items given as on stock at a particular library at the time of
compilation may well have been transferred or discarded at the time of reading. In all
cases, the reader should contact the library in question before making a visit. Generally,
public libraries will happily accommodate the reader and will make every attempt to supply
the materials required, but in the case of rare material, proof of name and address may be
required - sometimes in advance - and if not a member, lending may not be possible. In the
case of academic libraries, it may not be possible to use the facilities without prior
arrangement. Record Offices/Archive Departments often require their users to make an
appointment in advance. This is also the case with many special libraries (e.g. the
Textile Institute) and museums, where library materials are often kept away from public
areas.
SECTION-BY-SECTION GUIDE TO THE BIBLIOGRAPHY
PART I: REFERENCE WORKS
Reference Works and Bibliographies
These works include textile encyclopedias, thesauri, catalogues and bibliographies,
glossaries and other guides to the cotton and allied textile trades and processes. The
American Fabrics and Fashion Magazine Encyclopedia of Textiles is a good example of the
comprehensive textile encyclopedia which contains both technological and historical
entries. Some of the bibliographical guides relate to a particular branch of the industry
(for example, Martindale's Selective Bibliography of Textile Engineering, whilst others
deal with particular collections (Blackburn Public Library, Catalogue of Books on Textiles
and the Textile Industry). The best general bibliographies to begin with are Cowley,
Woodbury, and Yates.
Directories
These publications comprise some of the most important source materials on the cotton and
textile industries, especially for those interested in the development of particular
technologies and firms. Amongst the most important are the Textile Mercury Cotton Year
Book, Skinner's Cotton Trade Directory of the World and Worrall's long-lived Cotton
Spinners and Manufacturers' Directory and complementary series Textile Directory of the
Manufacturing Districts... . Early examples include the Manchester Exchange Directory,
1847-8 and Burn's Commercial Glance, 1840-44.
Periodicals
and Yearbooks
These publications form a vast literature, ranging from local journals (Bury and District
Textile Society Journal [76]), national journals (e.g. Canadian Textile Journal [77],
Indian Textile Journal [96]) to publications with global coverage such as the
International Cotton Bulletin [97] and the Textile World Fact File [134]. Major
publications include the Cotton Factory Times [83], Shirley Institute Bulletin [109],
Textile Manufacturer [119], the Textile Mercury [121], Textile Recorder [126] and Textile
World [133]. Besides being a valuable source of information, for the historian these
journals also serve as a barometer for the health of cotton industry: for example, the
physical format of Cotton: The Official Journal of the Manchester Cotton Association
(1895-1965) [79] reflects the decline of the industry itself: beginning in 1895, the
journal was lavishly presented and bound. Yet by the time this important publication came
to an end in 1965, it had been reduced to a cheaply presented fortnightly typescript,
obviously produced on a shoestring with an ever-shrinking readership.
PART II: HISTORICAL STUDIES
Structure
We originally divided primary and secondary studies into separate sub-sections in Part II,
but feedback from colleagues and our own misgivings led us to construct a simpler sequence
where primary and secondary sources on the same period are presented together. It should
be noted that the chronological structure used here is "fluid" insofar as one
cannot easily separate events which are, say, two years apart: the overlapping and
juxtaposition of events is part of the dynamic of history. The General Histories section
includes works which span several periods, or are of such a generalised nature that they
do not easily fall into one section. Many of the studies found in The Industry Before the
Factory straddle the period covered by the following section, but they either begin in the
pre-industrial period, or focus on the conditions at the outset of the Industrial
Revolution. The Rise of the Factory, 1760-1820 covers the Industrial Revolution from its
earliest rumblings to the roar of the its factories in the early opening decades of the
Nineteenth Century. The Age of the Factory, 1820-1860 details works covering the
maturation and continuing development of the industry and the cotton communities it
engendered. One problem which arose independently of long-term British social and
industrial factors was the climacteric of the American Civil War, beginning in 1861, which
saw supplies of American raw cotton rapidly dwindle. The Lancashire Cotton Famine,
1861-1865 covers the Great Famine in detail, citing nearly two hundred works on what was
an extremely troubled period for the industry and its people. The Victorian Golden Age,
1865-1896 covers the Mid-Victorian "Period of Optimism", although by the end of
the century foreign competition and trade depressions had begun to erode this confidence.
A final period of pre-World War I stability marks the end of the Victorian golden age and
the decline into war: works covering this period are listed in Indian Summer, 1896-1914.
The post-World War I and inter-war years are covered in The Long Decline, 1914-1939. The
final section of the historical studies covers the End of the Industry, and covers World
War II through to the1980s. The chronological sections are followed by Lancashire Cotton
and the World, where the industry is put into an international perspective, particularly
relating to India and the United States. An important part of the history of the industry
is the rise of established cotton and textilefirms across the North West: Company
Histories lists contemporary and retrospective histories of these firms, as well as
studies of some of the great cotton families and business centres of the region. Working
and Social Conditions considers the industry from the perspective indviduals and families
who worked in the industry, and covers family life, child labour, women in the industry,
factory reform and health and safety. Employers' Organisaations contains contemporary
publications and histories of local, regional and international employers' associations.
The historical studies conclude with a section on trades unions, which is divided into
general studies and industrial disputes.
1. General Histories
As the industry developed, so the historical literature sought to keep pace with the rapid
technological and social changes associated with "King Cotton". One of earliest
works was John Kennedy's Observations on the Rise and Progress of the Cotton Trade in
Great Britain (1815) which concentrated on the growth of the rapid growth of the
industry, particularly in Lancashire and the surrounding counties, while perhaps the first
major study of the Nineteenth Century was James Butterworth's A Complete History of the Cotton Trade
(1823), a comprehensive survey which covered many of the larger towns engaged in the
industry as well as Cottonopolis herself - later forming the basis of Baines's History of
the Cotton Manufacture of Great Britain (1835). Shortly after this, Richard Guest
published his The British Cotton Manufactures (1823). Andrew Ure's two-volume work, The
Cotton Manufacture of Great Britain (1836) covered all aspects of the industry as well as
a large amount of statistical information. An early popular history was published as early
as 1840, with Henry Brown's The Cotton Fields and Cotton Factories. An extensive American
study by Ezekiel Donnell, Chronological and Statistical History of Cotton (1872) provides
a comparable framework from across the Atlantic. Ellison's Cotton Trade of Great Britain
(1886) surveyed the industry from a Liverpublian perspective, charting the rise of the
city's firms. Sydney Chapman's Lancashire Cotton Industry: a Study in Economic Development
(1904) is a standard text on the industry, as is a later work, Douglas Farnie, The English Cotton Industry and the
World Market, 1815-1896 (1979), a detailed economic study of the industry in the
Nineteenth Century. A recent study, under the editorship of Mary Rose, is The Lancashire
Cotton Industry: a History Since 1700 (1996), a collection of articles covering all
aspects of the industry from beginning to end which offers the ideal starting point for
the general reader.
2. The Industry
Before the Factory
Two classic texts on the early industry are Norman Lowe, The Lancashire Textile Industry
in the Sixteenth Century (1972) and Wadsworth and Mann's The Cotton Trade and Inudstrial
Lancashire 1600-1780 (1931). Walter English, The Textile Industry (1969) details the
technological innovation of the early industry, while Beverly Lemire's recent study,
Fashion's Favourite (1991) considers the crucial role of the consumer, looking at demand
and consumption of cotton from the mid-Seventeenth Century. A good example of an early
study is Thomas Sutcliffe, An Exposition of Facts Relating to the Rise and Progress of the
Woollen, Linen, and Cotton Manufactures of Great Britaihn (1843).
3. The Rise of the
Factory, 1760-1820
Many early works (for example, "Friend of the Poor" - Thomas Barnes' Thoughts on
the Use of Machines in the Cotton Manufacture (1780) [351]) were concerned with the
problems of social order brought about by events such as the Lancashire riots of 1779 and
attempted to convince a sceptical working-class public that the new technology was a
beneficial rather than detrimental feature of working life. At the same time, Ralph Mather
appealed for the relief of poverty-stricken cotton workers in his An Impartial
Representation of the Case of the Poor Cotton Spinners in Lancashire (1780) [430]. Of the
many modern works written on the period, a good introduction is John Addy, The Textile
Revolution (1976) [240]. Similarly, Catling's The Spinning Mule (1970) [275] is an
excellent introduction to the technical history of a key compenent of the Industrial
Revolution. G.W. Daniels [321-327], The Early English Cotton Industry (1920) [324] remains
an important work. A later standard text is Fitton and Wadsworth's The Strutts and the
Arkwrights, 1758-1830: A Study of the Early Factory System (1958) [345]. George Unwin's
Samuel Oldknow and the Arkwrights (1924) [518] makes a similar contribution to the study
of the early industry and factory system. The history of power is central to the history
of the early industry. R. L. Hills [369-375] has written widely on the subject, and his
Power in the Industrial Revolution (1970) [372] details the growth of the textile industry
and the development of power generation. G. N. Von Tunzelmann has also made a study of the
diffusion of steam power in the industrial revolution: see Steam Power and British
Industrialisation to 1860 (1978) [513]. Stanley Chapman has covered economic history of
the period, particularly on the issues of capital formation and the rise of the early
factory masters. The Cotton Industry in the Industrial Revolution (1972, revised 1987)
[286-287] is a concise yet informative introduction to the industry's development. David
Jeremy [383- 393] has covered important issues relating to technology diffusion and
transmission, particularly between Britain and the United States. See Transatlantic
Industrial Revolution: The Diffusion of Textile Technologies Between Britain and America,
1790-1830s (1981) [393] for a detailed account. Roger Lloyd-Jones has charted the
development of firms and economic structures, particularly in Manchester. See Manchester
and the Age of the Factory. The Business Structure of "Cottonopolis" in the
Industrial Revolution (1988) [416]. N. J. Smelser's Social Change in the Industrial
Revolution (1959) [492] remains a pioneering sociological history of the industry. The
industrial archaeology of the period has been considered in Jennifer Tann, The Development
of the Factory (1970) [502].
4. The Age of the Factory,
1820-1860
Important contemporary works on this age of industry include William Radcliffe, Origin of
the New System of Manufacture... (1828) [635], Andrew Ure, The Cotton Manufacture of Great
Britain (1836, revised 1861) [657-658] and James Mann, The Cotton Trade of Great Britain
(1860) [626]. An early regional study is W.C. Taylor, Notes of a Tour in the Manufacturing
Districts of Lancashire (1842, revised 1968) [649-651]. Modern works include studies on
the rise of the family firm, see Rhodes Boyson, The Ashworth Cotton Enterprise (1970)
[545], and the decline in handloom weaving, two major studies being Duncan Bythell, The
Handloom Weavers (1969) [548] and Geoff Timmins' The Last Shift: the Decline of Handloom
Weaving in the Nineteenth Century (1993) [655]. Other works detail the rise of the factory
system - see Anthony Howe, The Cotton Masters, 1830-1860 (1984) [596] and developments in
the labour market, as covered by Michael Huberman, Escape from the Market. Negotiating
Work in Lancashire (1996) [599]. A fine example of a local study is George C. Miller,
Blackburn: the Evolution of a Cotton Town (1951) [628].
5. Lancashire Cotton Famine,
1861-1865
Primary studies of the Lancashire Cotton Famine include Arnold, The History of the Cotton
Famine (1864) [666], and one of many comprehensive surveys of particular towns, S. A.
Nicholls, Darwen and the Cotton Famine (1893) [728]. Mary Brigg (ed.), A Lancashire
Weaver's Journal: John O'Neil, Low Moor, Clitheroe (1982) is a biographical stury, while
John Watts, The Facts of the Cotton Famine, 1862-4 (1866) [742] covered the period in
minute detail, with much statistical analysis. Later nineteenth-century works
includeRobert Rawlinson, Public Works in Lancashire for the Relief of Distress...During
the Cotton Famine, 1863-66 (1898) [735]. Major twentieth-century works include W. O.
Henderson's classic study, The Lancashire Cotton Famine 1861-1865 (1934) [714], and Norman
Longmate, The Hungry Mills: the Story of the Lancashire Cotton Famine, 1861-5 (1978). Mary
Ellison, Support for Secession: Lancashire and the American Civil War (1972) [694]
reappraises the Lancastrian attitude to the Civil War.
6. The Victorian
Golden Age, 1865-1896
Early studies of the industry in the mid-late Victorian periods include John Mortimer,
Mercantile Manchester Past and Present (1896) [812] and Gerhart von Schulze-Gaevernitz,
The Cotton Trade in England and on the Continent (1895) [835]. Several modern-day
historians have written extensively on the period, including Douglas Farnie [764- 768],
William Lazonick [800-804, 808], Lars Sandberg [824-827] and Gary Saxonhouse [830-833]. A
good introduction to the period is Andrew Marrison, "Indian Summer, 1870-1914"
in Mary Rose (ed.) The Lancashire Cotton Industry: a History Since 1700 (1996) [807].
Sandberg, Lancashire in Decline: a Study in Entrepreneurship and International Trade
(1974) [825] analyses the beginning of the industry's decline in some detail.
7. Indian Summer, 1896-1914
This section is dominated by the debate on tariffs and free trade which dominated the
early years of the century. Studies of the period includethose by S. J. Chapman [863-873],
Elijah Helm [887-891] and Charles Macara [902- 905], all of whom recognised the centrality
of the tariff reform/ free trade debate to the future of the industry. Specific works
include S. J. Chapman, A Reply to the Report of the Tariff Commissionon the Cotton
Industry, written for the Free Trade League (1905) [868]. J. Arthur Hutton, The Cottton
Crisis (1904) [896] addresses the problems of cotton supply, whilst Fowler and Wyke's
Mirth in the Mill: the Gradely Cartoons of Sam Fitton (1995) [881] illustrates that whilst
hard, life in the cotton industry was far from humourless.
8. The Long Decline, 1914-1939
World War I and the inter-war years include works by G. W. Daniels [963-969], William
Lazonick [1021-1026], Charles Macara [1029-1040], and reports by the Joint Committee of
Cotton Trade Organisations [1003-1013]. Noteworthy studies include John Singleton,
"The Cotton Industry and the British War Effort, 1914-1918" (1994) [1064]
analyses the importance of wartime industry, while Charles Macara, The International Idea
in Industry: How Lancashire Has Shown the Way to the World's Peace (1921) [1034] portrays
cotton as an paradigm of post-war internationalsation due to bodies such as the
International Cotton Federation. The Emergency Cotton Committee, The Crisis in the Cotton
Industry (1923) [998] puts the difficulties of the industry into a global perspective.
James Lord, The Cotton Spinner's (Bad) Times (1923) [1028] recalls the difficulties of
those in the trade in the early depression years, as does Ben Bowker, Lancashire Under the
Hammer (1928) [944] which details the industry's descent into depression. Wurm's study,
Business, Politics and International Relations: Steel, Cotton and International Cartels in
British Politics, 1924-1939 (1993) [1094] places the industry into a comparative
framework.
9. End of the
Industry, 1940-1980
The final section of the chronolgocial sequence of histories sees increasing numbers of
institutional studies, for example those published by the Cotton Board [1113-1132], the
International Federation of Cotton and Allied Textile Industries [1160-1165], local
groups, e.g. the Textile Industry Support Campaign [1237-1241], regional bodies such as
the Lancashire and Merseyside Industrial Development Association [1179-1181] and trade
unions - particularly the United Textile Factory Workers' Association [1253-1256].
Historians making a particular study of the post-war period include Carline Miles
[1193-1197], Robert Robson [1213-1215] and in recent years, John Singleton [1225- 1230].
The brief period of post war confidence, typified by the Cotton Board's recruitment drive
Cotton on the March (1945) [1127] quickly gave way to the years of austerity, during which
the cotton industry slipped further into decline. The Lancashire and Merseyside Industrial
Development Association, The Decline of the Cotton and Coal Mining Industries of
Lancashire (1967) [1180] draws an important parallel between cotton and another ailing
staple industry. Two of the best general studies of cotton's post-war decline are Caroline
Miles, Lancashire Textiles: A Case Study of Industrial Change (1968) [1194] and John
Singleton, Lancashire On the Scrapheap: the Cotton Industry 1945-1970 (1991) [1227].
Singleton's recent chapter, "The Decline of the British Cotton Industry Since
1940" (1996) is an excellent introduction to the period.
Lancashire Cotton and the World
This section reflects cotton's role as one of the first global industries: the literature
reflects Lancashire important connections, particularly to the United States and India,
but also to Egypt, Africa and the Far East. For the sake of brevity (and availability), we
have made no attempt to collect material other than in the English language. The section
begins with the European countries, and moves onto the Near and Middle East, the Americas,
Africa, Asia and the Far East. General accounts of the American cotton industry include
Montgomery, A Practical Detail of the Cotton Manufacture of the United States of
America.... (1840) [1301], and Copeland, The Cotton Manufacturing Industry of the United
States (1912) [1288]. Prentice, Cotton: With Special Reference to Africa (1972) [1329]
provides an insight into the dark continent, while Chao and Chao, The Development of
Cotton Textile Production in China (1977) [1334] is a modern survey into the growth of the
Chinese industry. There are many studies on India, including John Chapman's early account,
The Cotton and Commerce of India (1851) [1343], Gandhi's later history The Indian Cotton
Textile Industry (1930) [1353], and Dantwala, A Hundred Years of Indian Cotton (1948)
[1351] and a more recent general work, Peter Harnetty, Imperialism and Free Trade:
Lancashire and India in the Mid- Nineteenth Century (1972) [1358]. For works on Japan, see
Kroese, The Japanese Cotton Industry (1950) [1423] and for an account of the trade
antagonism, see Smimizu, Anglo-Japanese Trade Rivalry (1986) [1428].
Company Histories
The development of cotton and textile firms is intricately linked with the growth of many
communties throughout the North West. These works are of two main types: the contemporary
histories produced by the companies themselves for the purposes of advertising, and later
histories which are generally more academic or retrospective in nature. The histories
which appear in this section are by no means the only works on cotton firms - many fall
under the remit of the main historical studies sequence owing to their general historical
or wider business history content. Another valuable source of information is the house
journals published by the companies themselves, such as Ashton's ABC Magazine [1435],
Bright's House Journal [1443], and the various Platt journals, Platt Bulletin, Platt
Newsletter and Platt International News [1516]. Good examples of company histories include
Horrockses The Magic Transformation (1936) [1485]and J.W. McConnel, A Century of Fine
Cotton Spinning: M'Connel and Co. Ltd., Ancoats, Manchester 1790-1906 (1906) [1499],
Hargreaves, Messrs. Hargreaves Calico Print Works at Accrington and Recollections of Broad
Oak (1882) [1475] and Muir, The Kenyon Tradition: The History of James Kenyon & Son
Ltd., 1664-1964 (1964) [1505].
Working and Social Conditions
General
This section covers a considerable range of social histories and related materials.
Standard works include Clarkes The Effects of the Factory System (1899) [1546], Frances
Collier, The Family Economy of the Working Classes in the Cotton Industry, 1784-1833
(1965) [1547], Gaskell, The Manufacturing Population of England (1836) [1551] and Kay's
The Moral and Physical Condition of the Working Classes Employed in the Cotton Manufacture
in Manchester (1832) [1562]. Surveys of later periods include Seddon et al. "Hurrah
for a Life in the Factory" (1979) [1577] which covers the pre-World War I period, and
Allen Hutt, The Condition of the Working Class in Britain (1933) [1558] - a survey of life
in the cotton industry during in the 1930s. Specific topics include G.H. Wood, The History
of Wages in the Cotton Industry During the Past Hundred Years (1910) [1583] and Kovacevic,
Fact into Fiction: English Literature and the Industrial Scene, 1750-1850 (1975) [1564], a
consideration of the important contribution made by literary works to our understanding of
working conditions. Some biographical works are included in this section, such as
Blackburn's George Tomlinson (1954) [1538], Selley, A Nineteenth Century Lancashire
Weaver's Family (1965) [1578] and Howarth, Memories of a Middleton Moonraker (1988) [1557]
and Porter, I Trod a Wheelgate (1988) [1571]. Wider accounts of communities can be found
in "collective" works such as Mitchell, Lancashire Milltown Memories (1987)
[1567]. Works such as Mather's Tackler's Tales (1993) [1566], "Owd Shuttle"
Tacklers Yarns [1570] show that the northern sense of humour has many of its roots in the
mill (as comedy routines such as Les Dawson's illustrate).
Women
In recent years, there has been a growing interest not only in the basic conditions of
women in the cotton, but also in the differentiation of work, wages, and gender roles. The
feminist critique of cotton brings a vital new perspective to the study of the industry. A
classic general study is Ivy Pinchbeck, Women Workers and the Industrial Revolution (1930)
[1600] which includes much about women in the cotton industry; Foley et al., Women in
Cotton (1950) [1591] is obviously more specific. Works including Bruley, "Gender,
Class and Party" (1993) [1589], and Liddington and Norris, One Hand Tied Behind Us
(1978) [1598] focus on political participation and suffrage, while Barton "Women's
Wages in the Cotton Trade" (1921) and later Benenson, "The Family Wage and
Working Womens' Consciousness in Britain, 1880-1914" (1991) cover the issue of
earnings. Gender roles and constraints are covered by Freifeld, "Technical Change and
the 'Self-Acting Mule': a Study of Skill and the Sexual Division of Labour" (1986)
[1592] and the work of Rose [1601-1603], particularly Limited Livelihoods: Gender and
Class in Nineteenth Century England (1992) [1602], a major study of women industry.
Children
Works relating to children in the industry general academic studies, including Bolin-Hort,
Work, Family and the State (1989) [1607], Cruickshank, Children and Industry (1981) [1610]
and Nardinelli, Child Labor and the Industrial Revolution (1973) [1624]. Biographical
studies throw a more personal spotlight on the individual, such as Brown, A Memoir of
Robert Blincoe(1832) [1608], Michael Conway, Half Timer (1983) [1609], and Robinson,
Esther Price (1994) [1625]. Specific studies on apprenticeship, as in Edmund and Ruth
Frow, The Dark Satanic Mills: Child Apprentices in Derbyshire Spinning Factories (1980)
[1613] and the role of particular companies in half-time education, as detailed in Hicks,
"The Eduation of the Half-Timer: as Shown Particularly in the Case of McConnel and
Co. of Manchester" (1939) [1617] are also useful in the consideration of child labour
and education in the industry.
Factory Reform
Of the numerous works produced on the factory system and its reform, several have already
been mentioned above (Crabtree [1655], Dodd [1658], Martineau [1682], Society for
Bettering the Condition and Increasing the Comforts of the Poor [1708]). General studies
include Fielden, The Curse of the Factory System (1836) [1664], and Samuel Kydd
("Alfred"), The History of the Factory Movement (1857) [1634] covering
1802-1847. Recent studies include Ward, The Factory System (1970) [1719] and Gray, The
Factory Question and Industrial England, 1830-1860 (1996) [1667]. Contemporary writings
include those of Anthony Ashley Cooper [1652-1654], Robert Peel [1698- 1699], Michael
Sadler [1703-1705] and Richard Oastler [1687-1692]. Particularly useful are the reprinted
pamphlets in The Battle for the Ten Hour Day Continues, Four Pamphlets, 1837-1843 (1972)
[1640]; part of the same series is Richard Oastler: King of Factory Children. Six
Pamphlets, 1836-1861 (1972) [1692]. Histories of the legislation include Plener, The
English Factory Legislation (1873), Hutchins and Harrison, A History of Factory
Legislation (1926) [1678], and Thomas, The Early Factory Legislation (1948) [1714]. If
legislation formed the body of factory reform, the zealous inspection of factories were
its teeth. Djang's study Factory Inspection in Great Britain (1942) covers this important
component of factory reform. Health and Safety In recent decades, numerous reports and
directives on health and safety have been published by the various bodies charged with
industrial safety, such as the Industrial Health Research Board, Department of Employment
Joint Standing Committee on Health and Welfare in the Cotton and Allied Fibres Industry,
Ministry of Labour etc.). Two important studies are Bartrip and Burman, The Wounded
Soldiers of Industry (1983) [1722] which deals with compensation policy, and Neild,
Byssinosis: the Lancashire Disease (1982), a survey of 'mule spinners' cancer'. Official
reports include those of the Health and Safety Executive [1732]-[1738], the Industrial
Health Research Board [1740]-[1747] and the Ministry of Labour [1755]-[1760].
Employers' Organisations and Trades Unions
Although often large, powerful bodies, employers' associations have been studied to a
lesser extent than trade unions. These federations and associations ranged from the large
international organisations (e.g. International Federation of Master Cotton Spinners' and
Manufacturers' Associations) to national (for instance, British Textile Employers'
Association) and regional/town associations (such as the Bolton Master Cotton Spinners'
Association). The main body of material in this section is the International Federation of
Master Cotton Spinners' and Manufacturers' Associations cotton congress reports, held from
1904 onwards. The national associations listed are the British Textile Employers'
Association [1801]-[1803], the Cotton Spinners' and Manufacturers' Association
[1809]-[1822] and the Federation of Master Cotton Spinners' Association [1823]-[1837].
Regional and town associations include the Blackburn Manufacturers' Association
[1791]-[1792], Bolton Master Cotton Spinners' Association [1794]-[1799], North Lancashire
Master Cotton Spinners' and Manufacturers' Association [1843]- [1845], North Lancashire
Textile Employers' Association [1846]-[1847] and the Oldham Master Cotton Spinners'
Association [1848]-[1852]. The standard general study is McIvor, Cotton Employers'
Organisation and Labour Relations Strategy, 1890-1939 (1982) [1839]. See also Chapman's
early article "An Historical Sketch of Masters' Associations in the Cotton
Industry" (1901) [1806], and Bullen, "Pragmatism vs. Principle: Cotton Employers
and the Origins of the Industrial Relations System" (1988) [1804].
Trades Unions
The section is divided into General Studies and Industrial Disputes. General Studies
includes material about, and produced by, various trades unions. Additionally, there is
much information available at many of the record offices, special libraries and museums -
see Part VI: Archival Collections. The cotton trades union movement as a whole is covered
in studies such as Burgess, The Origins of British Industrial Relations (1975) [1860],
Jowitt and McIvor, Employers and Labour in the English Textile Industries, 1850-1939
(1988) [1877], Turner, Trade Union Growth: Structure and Policy: A Comparative Study of
Cotton Unions in England (1962) [1889]. The weaving unions are discussed in Gray, The
Weaver's Wage (1937) [1875]. The finishing trades are surveyed in McIvor, "Work,
Wages and Industrial Relations in Cotton Finishing, 1880-1914" (1988) [1879]. A
general regional survey is Fowler, "Lancashire Cotton Unionism in the Inter-War
Years" (1988) [1868]. Spinning unions: these include studies of the Amalgamated
Association of Operative Cotton Spinners, in Fowler and Wyke in The Barefoot Aristocrats
(1987) [1872], while an earlier sketch of another spinning union is Williamson, The Hyde
and District Operative Cotton Spinners' Association (1929) [1896]. There are other short
works on unions such as the Friendly Associated Cotton Spinners [1873], Oldham Operative
Spinners and Cotton Provincial Association [1853], [1856] and the Operative Spinners of
England [1883]. Carding unions: see Bullen and Fowler's The Cardroom Workers Union (1986)
[1859], which is one of the few major studies of a carding union. Weaving unions: There
are several substantial studies of the weaving unions, including Hopwood, A History of the
Lancashire Cotton Industry (1969) [1876], on the Amalgamated Weavers' Association, Fowler
and Fowler, The History of the Nelson Weavers' Association (1984) [1871], Bullen, The
Lancashire Weavers' Union, a Commemorative History (1984) [1858]. Shorter histories
include the Bolton District Weavers and Winders Association's Centenary, 1865-1965 (1965)
[1857]. Industrial Disputes covers specific strikes, disputes and other disturbances from
the Eighteenth Century onwards. See: the Manchester Checkmakers' dispute, 1759 [1923], the
Lancashire Cotton Riots, 1769-79 [1913], the Westhoughton Riots, 1812 [1905], the
Manchester Weavers' riot, 1808 [1908]-[1909], the 1831 riot at Sunnyside Calico Printing
Works, Accrington [1900] and the Preston strikes of 1836-37 [1897]-[1898] and 1853-54
[1902], [1904], [1917]. See also Padiham Weavers' Strike, 1859 [1914], Colne Strike,
1860-61 [1928], the Melrose Mill Strike, Oldham, 1890 [1921] and the Automatic Loom
Strike, Hyde, 1908 [1906].
Industrial Archaeology
The final section of the historical studies considers the physical legacy of the cotton
industry, its buildings, machinery, housing and other archaeological artefacts which have
been accumulated over three centuries of the industry in the North West. The study of
cotton's industrial archaeology has been rather sporadic, but in recent years a sizeable
literature has been built up. The North West owes much to individuals such as Owen
Ashmore, Michael Rothwell, Geoffrey Timmins, Michael Williams, Chris Aspin and T.C.
Dickinson, and many regional organisations, for example, the Northern Mill Engine Society,
the Arkwright Society, the Ellenroad Trust, as well as local history societies (for
instance the Hyndburn Local History Society, Burnley and District Historical Society) and
special academic projects such as the Greater Manchester Arcaeological Unit and the Centre
for North West Regional Studies. The culmination of these and similar efforts, both in the
North West and across the country, was the establishment of the Royal Commission on the
Historical Monuments of England (see Williams, [1998]), which is a recognition of the
importance of preserving our dwindling links with the past. General works on industrial
archaeology in the North West include Ashmore, The Industrial Archaeology of Lancashire
(1969) [1930] and The Industrial Archaeology of the North West (1982) [1930]. Jones,
Industrial Architecture in Britain, 1750-1939 (1986) [1965] is a general study of
industrial buildings, including cotton mills. Specific studies on mills include Binney,
Satanic Mills (1978) [1934], while Fitzgerald "The Development of the Cast Iron Frame
in Textile Mills to 1850" (1987) [1944] focuses on an important feature of mill
construction. Williams and Farnie, Cotton Mills in Greater Manchester (1992) [2001] is a
major study jointly undertaken by the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of
England and the Greater Manchester Archaeological Unit. A good introduction to
Lancashire's cotton buildings is Aspin, "Cotton's Legacy" (1996) [1932], while
Giles, Yorkshire Textile Mills (1992) [1950] and Calladine and Fricker, East Cheshire
Textile Mills (1993) [1936] are also good county guides. Working-class housing/workshops
are covered by Chapman, "Workers' Housing in the Cotton Factory Colonies,
1770-1850" (1976) [1938], Taylor, "A Type of Handloom-Weaving Cottage in
Mid-Lancashire" (1966) [1989] and Timmins, Handloom Weavers' Cottages in Central
Lancashire (1977) [1992]. An important component of Cottonopolis is discussed by Wilkinson
in Manchester Warehouses: Their History and Architecture (1982) [1996]. Studies on
specific areas in this section include: Accrington [1974]; Bacup [1990]; Blackburn [1975],
[1994], Bolton [1969]- [1970], [1999]; Burnley [1946]; Bury [1945], [1981]; Cromford
[1937]; Cumbria [1967], [1995]; Helmshore [1948], [1971]; Manchester [1939], [1940],
[1943], [2000], [2001]; New Mills [1987]; Oswaldtwistle [1976]; Rochdale [1951]; Royton
[1940]; Stockport [1958]; Stalybridge [1985]-[1986], and Styal [1968] [1978].
Technical works are an important part of many library collections throughout the North West. Not only are they useful from a technological point of view, but they also contain a great deal of historical information: they are therefore vital contemporary sources, which in many cases were still used as practical working guides up to the inter- war years. Historians have yet to fully utilise much of this vast, largely untapped literature. As well as disseminating a great deal of essential technical information throughout the industry, these works also provide considerable evidence of the increasingly sophisticated technical education within the industry, which counters one of the arguments with regard to the decline of the industry that there was insufficient technical and educational information to keep the industry abreat of developments. It also throws doubt on the contemporary assertions that the labour force which toiled at the mule gate and weaving shed were technically ignorant machine-sitters. Indeed, such was the popularity of these works, that local publishers (such as John and Abel Heywood, the Textile Mercury and Textile Manufacturer) established their own dedicated series of technical studies. Many historians (e.g., Mass, Sandberg, Lazonick) have recognised the importance of appreciating the role that technical processes and innovations played in the development of the industry. For the ease of use, we have divided these works into six sections: Dictionaries, General Studies and the four main sections each relating to the major stages of cotton production: The Cotton Fibre and Its Preparation, Spinning Processes, Weaving Processes and Finishing Processes. Although there are numerous sub-processes involved in each of these four stages, we felt it important not to fragment these sections to the point where they became unuseable. Within these sub-processes even minor changes to machine design or working practice could alter the productivity of the industry. These processes and their attendant trades were also inter-dependent to a great degree. For example, Arkwright demonstrated that there was little point in inventing the water frame without the complementary invention of the carding machine. During our original research, we inspected a large number of sales and technical catalogues relating to individual machines produced by local machine makers (Platt Bros, Nasmith, etc.) which in the final analysis we decided were rather too ephemeral to list. These references still exist as part of the larger database at NWRLS, and any reader interested in this most fascinating technological minutae is welcome to contact the authors for further information.
Dictionaries
One of the best general technical glossaries is Hough, Encyclopedia of Cotton Fabrics
(1921-54) [2013], while the more comprehensive guides include Curtis's early volume,
Glossary of Textile Terms (1921) [2009]. Perhaps the best modern work is the Textile
Institute, Textile Terms and Definitions (1954-) [2024]. More specific are Blackshaw and
Brightman, Dictionary of Dyeing and Textile Printing (1961) [2004] which concentrates on
finishing processes, and Pritchard, A Short Dictionary of Weaving (1954) [2020].
General Studies
These are either comprehensive "multi-process" works such as Hall, The Standard
Handbook of Textiles (1946-75) [2056] or general studies, for example the excellent R. J.
Peake, Cotton: from the Raw Material to the Finished Product (1910-34) [2102]. General
guides to the industry and its processes are at [2031]-[2032], [2034]-[2036],
[2041]-[2044], [2046]-[2047], [2050]-[2052], [2054]-[2056], [2065], [2069]-[2070],
[2072]-[2077], [2079]-[2084], [2086], [2089]-[2096], [2098], [2102]-[2104], [2106],
[2108]-[2113], [2119], [2129]-[2131], [2135]-[2140]. Works on cotton/textile calculations
can be found at [2026], [2029], [2032], [2071], [2078], [2105], [2107], [2117], [2120],
[2124] and [2128]. Textile testing manuals are at [2028], [2045], [2053], [2064], [2085]
and [2087]. For calico printing, see Brooks, How Calico is Made (1891) [2030]. Textile
engineering studies include Nissan, Textile Engineering Processes (1959) [2100]. For
machinery and machine construction see [2027], [2057]-[2059], [2067], [2116], [2121] and
[2123]. Cotton waste processes are described in Thornley, Cotton Waste (1912) [2132].
Mills and mill management include works by Nasmith, Recent Cotton Mill Construction and
Engineering (1909) [2099] and Taggart, Cotton Mill Management (1923) [2122]: see also
[2049, [2088], [2099], [2101] and [2127]. Costing and other business studies are Hardman
[2060], Heylin [2066] (cotton costing), Hirsh [2068] (textile economics), Moss [2097]
(accounting), Taylor [2125] (contracts) and Todd [2133]-[2134] (marketing and markets).
The Cotton Fibre
and its Preparation
Perhaps the best general introduction to the cotton fibre and its subsequent treatment is
Volume 1 of the Textile Institute Manual of Cotton Spinning: Coulson, Raw Cotton
Production and Marketing (1954) [2167], but see also the I.F.M.C.S.M.A. volume, What is a
Cotton Bale? (1937) [2160]. The biology and properties of the cotton fibre are dealt with
in Volume 2 (Part 1) of the Textile Institute Manual of Cotton Spinning: Hunter and
Shrigley, The Characteristics of Raw Cotton (1961) [2168]: see also [2141], [2145],
[2147], [2155], [2158], [2159], [2161]- [2164], [2171] and [2173]. Testing is dealt with
by W. L. Balls [2142]-[2144], for studies on opening and treatment, see Butterworth [2148]
and Hill [2156]. Ginning is discussed by Dobson [2150].
Spinning Processes
Key studies on spinning are those of Thomas Thornley [2244]-[2256], William Scott Taggart
[2236]-[2239], Joseph Nasmith [2220]-[2221], Prestwich [2229]-[2231] and earlier names
such as Leigh [2209] and Montgomery [2216]. Classic early manuals include Etchells, The
Cotton Spinner's Assistant (1820) [2195], Leigh, Practical Cotton Spinner and Manager's
Assistant (1866) [2209] and Montgomery, The Carding and Spinning Master's Assistant (1832)
[2216]. Later works include Nasmith, The Student's Cotton Spinning (1892) [2220] and the
classic technical manuals Taggart, Cotton Spinning (1896-1928) [2236] and Thornley, Cotton
Spinning (1901-27) [2246]-[2248].
Weaving Processes
Experts on the weaving processes include Thomas Ashenhurst [2269]-[2270], C.P. Brooks
[2281]-[2284], James Holmes [2308]-[2313], Wilfred Middlebrook [2326]-[2332], Harry Nisbet
[2338]-[2340], Emmanuel Posselt [2342]- [2345] and John Taylor [2356]. Early works include
Butterworth, A Guide to Universal Manufacture (1801) [2287] and Murphy, A Treatise on the
Art of Weaving (1827-50) [2334]. For later texts see Brooks, Cotton Manufacturing
(1888-92) [2281], Holmes, Calculations in Cotton Weaving (1897-1907) [2308] , Nisbet,
Preliminary Operations of Weaving (1914-24) [2338]-[2339] and Middlebrook, Essential
Points in Weaving Practice (1947) [2326].
Finishing Processes
Texts in finishing processes include early texts, for example Des Charmes, The Art of
Bleaching Piece-Goods, Cottons and Threads... (1799) [2388]. Later works include
Crace-Calvert, Dyeing and Calico Printing (1876-78) [2384], Sansone, The Printing of
Cotton Fabrics (1887-1901) [2423], Bean and McCleary, The Chemistry and Practice of
Finishing (1905-26) [2378] and Knecht and Fothergill, The Principles and Practice of
Textile Printing (1912) [2404]. Trotman and Thorpe, the Principles of Bleaching and
Finishing of Cotton (1911-27) [2428] is standard study of bleaching. Watson, Textile
Design and Colour (1921-54) [2431] and Marsh, Introduction to Textile Finishing (1951)
[2407] are relatively recent works.
PART IV:
PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS AND GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS
We have organised parliamentary papers into Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Papers.
Within these sections, we have broadly defined key areas such as cotton factories, the
Cotton Famine, finishing, supply and the trade in general, as well as papers covering the
decline of handloom weaving. The sections are sub-divided into Accounts and Papers, Bills
and Reports. Again, we hope this will make the reader's task a little less complicated.
While certain types of parliamentary papers have been widely used, for example select
committee papers on factory conditions, other papers have not. We hope that this section
will go some way to make the reader aware of the wide range of official papers published
on the cotton industry. In the preparation of this section, we have made extensive use of
the H.M.S.O. indexes and publications, as well as the superb Irish University Press series
of indexes. In certain cases we have identified the IUP volume as well as the original
parliamentary number: these reprints may be more readily available. Such is the difficulty
in locating individual parliamentary papers that we have not identified separate locations
for these items. In the North West, Manchester Public Libraries and John Rylands
University Library of Manchester hold comprehensive collections of original parliamentary
publications. Other libraries contain incomplete runs, as well as holding the
Chadwick-Healey microfiche editions. The subject index has a comprehensive section on
parliamentary papers, with a separate listing of all the specific acts, bills, schemes and
programmes appearing in this section.
PART V: ACADEMIC STUDIES
Theses and Dissertations
Although not widely available, such is the quality of historical work contained in the
various theses and dissertations that we considered them an important source of
information. The initial listing was prepared by scouring the ASLIB Guide to Theses and
also the returns we received from our research survey from libraries around the region.
The works listed here are mostly higher degrees (M.A., M. Litt, M.Phil., M.Sc., Ph.D.,
D.Phil etc.), and we have made no attempt to record undergraduate theses. Likewise, we
have focussed our attention primarily on historical studies, and although we inspected
many fine technical doctorates - mostly at the Textile Institute Library - we felt that
they fell outside the remit of this work. In most cases, application to view these theses
should be made directly to the awarding university.
PART VI: ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS
The final part of the bibliography is a summary guide to the extensive archival
collections held in the record offices, public libraries, special libraries and museums
around the North West, as well as collections held outside the region such as those at the
Public Record Office, Leeds University. An important proviso is that this section is not
intended to be an exhaustive listing to every document which has a bearing on the cotton
industry: our research time was finite, and although we were as thorough as our research
programme allowed, we barely scratched the surface of some of the unmarked or
undifferentiated holdings which we encountered. However, we feel that the resulting
section is a valuable guide to the region's cotton archives. It is important to remember
that these collections are constantly evolving: deposits are constantly added to archival
holdings, and the process of rescuing and preserving manuscripts of recent cotton industry
remains an important area to which our colleagues across the region contribute.
The public libraries and combined library and archives services listed are: Blackburn
Central Library, Bolton Archive and Local Studies Service, Bury Reference Library,
Chesterfield Local Studies Library, Derby Local Studies Library, Lancashire County
Library, Liverpool Libraries, Manchester Public Libraries, Manx National Heritage, Oldham
Local Studies Library and Archives Service, Rochdale Local Studies Library, Stockport
Local Heritage Library and the Tameside Local Studies Library. Academic library
collections can be found at John Rylands University Library of Manchester, Leeds
University Brotherton Library, Manchester Metropolitan University, and Salford University.
The main archival collections on the industry are located at record offices around the
region, namely Bury Archives Centre, Cheshire Record Office, Cumbria Record Office,
Derbyshire Record Office, Greater Manchester County Record Office, Lancashire Record
Office, Public Record Office, Salford Archives Centre and the West Yorkshire Archive
Service. Museums listed are: the Hall i'th Wood Museum, Bolton; Helmshore Textile Museums,
Lewis Textile Museum, Blackburn; the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester; Oldham
Museum; Quarry Bank Mill, Styal; Queen Street Museum, Burnley; Rossendale Museum;
Saddleworth Museum; Towneley Hall, Burnley; and the Weavers' Triangle Visitor Centre,
Burnley. Special archives and libraries are the Greater Manchester Archaeological Unit,
the North West Film Archive at the Manchester Metropolitan University, the Textile
Institute library, Manchester and the Working Class Movement Library, Salford.
CONCLUSION
This bibliography is intended to be a first port of call for all students, librarians,
archivists and academics with an interest in the cotton industry. As closer examination
will reveal, although cotton is one of the most extensively discussed and widely
researched industries, much remains to be discovered. We hope that this volume goes some
way towards facilitating future study of this most important of industries.
Acknowledgements
During our research, we have received much help from academic and library colleagues
across the North West region. We would like to thank Douglas Farnie and Alan Fowler for
their generous support and advice throughout the period of our research. Thanks go to all
the Executive Committee and Staff of the North Western Regional Library System for their
help and support. In particular, the volumes produced in the past five years owe their
existence to the determination and dedication of Joan Unsworth, who retired last year as
Company Secretary. Her successor, Deborah Ryan, has been similarly supportive of our
endeavours. Of course, the bibliography could not have been produced at all without the
unstinting help and guidance of the numerous librarians, archivists and curators who
submitted details of their holdings and arranged for us to visit their collections. We are
therefore grateful to the following archivists and librarians in the North West and
neighbouring authorities: Barry Mills (Bolton Archives and Local Studies Service); Kevin
Mulley (Bury Archives Service); Alan Boughey (Bury Reference Library); Jonathan Pepler and
Mike Eddison (Cheshire Record Office); Simon Harrison (Chester Record Office); Jim
Grisenthwaite (Cumbria Record Office); Jean Radford (Derby Local Studies Library); Vincent
McKernan (Greater Manchester County Record Office); Anita Addiman and Judith Swarbrick
(Lancashire County Library: Local Studies Library); Tony Ashcroft (Leigh Local Studies
Library); Mrs. K. Parrott ( Liverpool Libraries and Information Services); Richard Bond,
Dora Rayson, David Taylor and Steve Willis (Manchester Public Libraries: Local Studies
Unit); Wendy Thirkettle (Manx National Heritage); Terry Berry and Paul Sillitoe (Oldham
Local Studies Library/Archives); Eleanor Linwood (Public Record Office); Pam Godman
(Rochdale Local Studies Library); Andrew Cross (Salford Archives Centre); Tim Ashworth
(Salford Local History Library); Alice Lock (Tameside Local Studies Library); A. J.
Jamieson and Pat Sewell (West Yorkshire Archive Service) and Margaret Walsh (Westhoughton
Library). Our colleagues in academic libraries were equally helpful, in particular Peter
McNiven (John Rylands University Library of Manchester); Caroline Young (Brotherton
Library, Leeds University); Adrian Allan (Liverpool University Archives); Shane Swaffield
(Manchester Metropolitan University) and John Percy (Salford University Archives).
Additionally, Mrs. Judith White of Stepping Hill Library offered advice and material on
byssinosis. Alain Kahan of the Working Class Movement Library, Salford, guided us through
the materials amassed by Ruth and the late Eddie Frow. Paul Daniels and the Staff of the
Textile Institute Library allowed us free access to their collection of books and theses
on the textile industry. Michael Powell supplied lists of the holdings of Chethams
Library. Robina McNeil of the Greater Manchester Archaeological Unit provided information
relating to the North West's mills and industrial archaeology. Jenny Hammerton added a
visual dimension by sending details of North West Film Archive's holdings. Don Paterson of
the North West Mills Group was most helpful in pointing out several useful items. The
curatorial staff of the regional museums were most helpful in helping us to assess their
collections. Maggy Sims and Adrian Lewis of the Blackburn Museum (and the adjacent Lewis
Textile Museum) made us welcome on several occasions. Adam Daber of the Quarry Bank Mill
Archives, Styal, was kind enough to let us loose on the wealth of material stored there.
Brian Hall of the Weavers' Triangle Visitor Centre, opened (and heated) the centre
specially and supplied welcome cups of tea on a cold winter's day. We were also assisted
by: Mr. B. Kilner (Colne Valley Museum); Mr. I.A. Gibson (Helmshore Textile Museums);
Louanne Collins (Macclesfield Museums Trust); Tim Corum (Oldham Museum); Sandra Cruise
(Rossendale Museum); Maurice Dennett (Saddleworth Museum) and Michael Townend (Towneley
Hall, Burnley.) Whatever merits this volume may have are largely due to the contribution
of those mentioned above. Any errors and omissions are, of course, entirely the fault of
the editors.
Nigel Rudyard
Terry Wyke
August 1997
PART I: REFERENCE MATERIALS
American Fabrics and Fashion Magazine. Encyclopedia
of Textiles: A Source Book on Textiles, Presenting a Complete and Practical Coverage of
the Entire Field - Its History and Origins, Its Art and Design, Its Natural and Manmade
Fibers, Its Manufacturing and Finishing Processes, Color and Dyes, Textile Printing,
Speciality and Uses, Plus a Comprehensive Dictionary of Textile Terms. Englewood
Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1960-80. [American emphasis, but includes references to
English industry and technology.]
Locations: 1st ed. (1960): 1, 2, 7 2nd
ed. (1972): 1, 2, 7, 75, 115 3rd ed. (1980): 1, 3, 15, 75, 91, 106, TI
ASLIB. Textiles and Allied Interests.
London: ASLIB, 1949. 43p. [4 of Guides to Sources of
Information in Great Britain.
Lists relevant libraries and associations.]
Locations: 1, 2, 7
ASLIB. Textile Group. Guide to Sources of Information in the Textile
Industry. Revised ed. London/Manchester: Aslib/Textile Institute, 1970. 125p. [Revised by
Aslib Textile Group.]
Locations: 1, 13, 49, 91, 111 1974 ed.: *
---. The Union List of Holdings of Textile Periodicals. 3rd ed. London: ASLIB,
1962. [500 titles in 27 libraries.]
Locations: 1
Backer, Stanley, and Emery Imre [Emmerich] Valko, eds. Thesaurus of Textile Terms
Covering Fibrous Materials and Processes. 2nd ed. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Fibers and
Polymers Division, 1969. xv + 448p. [Part of the Textile Information Programme conducted
in the Fibres and Polymers Division, M.I.T., under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department
of Commerce.]
Locations: 1, 2, 7, TI
Blackburn Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery. Catalogue of Books on Textiles and the
Textile Industry. Blackburn: Blackburn Public Library, 1930. 46p.
Locations: 1, 3, 6
Board of Education. Catalogue of the Collections in the Science Museum, South
Kensington With Descriptive and Historical Notes and Illustrations. London:
H.M.S.O., 1921. 75p. [Covers cotton machinery, 5-26.]
Locations: 1, 7
British Cotton Industry Research Association.0 Glossary and Index to the Publications of
the Shirley Institute from the Commencement in 1922, to January, 1936. Didsbury,
Manchester: British Cotton Industry Research Association, [1936]. 208p.
[Compiled by L. Beaumont Tansley.]
Locations: 1
---. Shirley Institute Literature 1922-1953. A Guide for Manufacturers.
Manchester: British Cotton Industry Research Association, 1953. [By J.J. Vincent.
No. 60 of Pamphlets. September 1953. List, abstracts and numbered details of
all items of technical and scientific information published by the Institute from the time
of its establishment to June 1953.]
Locations: BM, HTM, LM
---. Summary of Current Literature. Manchester: The Association, 1921-60. [For
issues published after 1960 see Shirley Institute Summary of Current Literature.]
Locations: Vol.1-40 (1921-60): 1, 91, HTM Vol.4-40
(1924-60): 85
Clark, C. "A List of Books and Important Articles on the Technology of Textile
Printing." Textile History Vol.6 (1975) 89-118.
Locations: 1, 7, 10, 15, 85, 115
Cotton Board Library. Catalogue of Periodicals, 1962. Manchester: The Board,
1962. 37p. Location: 99, TI
Coulson, Anthony J. A Bibliography of Design in Britain 1851-1950. London:
Design Council, 1979. 299p. [pp.184-201 cover textiles.]
Locations: *
Cowley, Ruth, ed. Textiles: Reference Materials. Manchester: Lancashire
Bibliography, 1991. viii + 42p. [Vol. 13 of Lancashire Bibliography.]
Locations: *
Cyclopedia of Textile Work. A General Reference Library on Cotton, Woollen and Worsted
Yarn Manufacture, Weaving, Designing, Chemistry and Dyeing, Finishing, Knitting, and
Allied Subjects. Prepared By a Corps of Textile Experts and Leading Manufacturers.
7 vols. Chicago: American Technical Society, 1907. [Volume 1 deals with cotton spinning.
Volume 4 covers weaving.]
Locations: 1
Documentation and Supply Centre, Oxford. An International Bibliography on Textiles,
Fashion, Clothing, Dressmaking and Associated Subjects. Oxford: Maxwell, 1964. 50p.
[No. 13 of Maxwell's Special Subject Bibliography.]
Locations: TI
Evans, Mary, and Ellen Beers McGowan. A Guide to Textiles: A Compilation Arranged
Alphabetically, of the Basic Facts Concerning the Textiles Commonly Used in Households and
in Clothing. London: Chapman and Hall, 1939. 239p. [Reprinted
1947. See cotton, p.26-38. ]
Locations: 1, 2
Flemming, Ernst. An Encyclopedia of Textiles, from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of
the 19th Century Including the Far East and Peru. London: Ernest Benn, 1928. 40p.
[Later edition published London: Zwemmer, 1958, 31p. Illustrated guide including
reproductions of designs in woven fabrics. Translated from the German.]
Locations: 1, 2, 6, 18, 53, 92 1958 ed.: 3, GH
Health and Safety Executive. Library and Information Services. Textiles: A List of
HSC/E Publications. Sheffield: Health and Safety Executive, 1988.
Locations: TI
Heywood, John Ltd. List of Textile Manufacturing and Other Technical Works. John
Heywood & Co.: Manchester, [19--]. 31p.
Locations: 1
Horrocks, Sidney, ed. Lancashire Business Histories. Manchester: Joint Committee on
the Lancashire Bibliography, 1971. xii + 115p. [Vol. 3 of Lancashire Bibliography.
Contains entries on cotton manufacturers.]
Locations: *
Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, Dyestuffs Division. Textiles and Textiles Treatment:
A Bibliography, Compiled By R. Brightman. Manchester: I.C.I., 1950. 75p.
[Revised edition of 1949 ed. Based on examination of collections at Shirley
Institute and Bradford, Glasgow and Manchester Public Libraries.]
Locations: 1, 85
Kopycinski, Joseph V. Textile Industry Information Sources: An Annotated Guide to the
Literature of Textile Fibers, Dyes and Dyeing, Design and Decoration, Weaving, Machinery,
and Other Subjects. Detroit, Michigan: Gale Research Co., 1964. 194p. [Management
Information Guide Series.]
Locations: 1, 2
Lancashire Museum Service. "I Love the Knell of the Factory Bell...": An
Annotated Bibliography of Textiles and Industrialisation. Preston: Lancashire
County Museum Service, 1980. 8p. [Focuses chiefly on school
textbooks.]
Locations: 3, 12, 32, 88, 93
Lawrie, Leslie Gordon. A Bibliography of Dyeing and Textile Printing: Comprising a List of
Books from the Sixteenth Century to the Present Time (1946). London: Chapman and Hall,
1949. 143p. [Important early listing. See also Frank Taylor, Dyes, Dyeing and
Textile Printing. London: Library Association, 1956. 12p. No. 6 of Library
Association. Special Subject List.
Locations: 1]
Locations: 1, 2, 3, 59, MMSI
Lubell, Cecil. Textile Collections of the World: United Kingdom-Ireland: An Illustrated
Guide to Textile Collections in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Vol 2. New
York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1976. 240p.
Locations: *
Martindale, James Graham. A Selective Bibliography of Textile Engineering, Prepared
at the Philadelphia College of Textiles and Science. Manchester: Textile Institute,
1973. 48p. [Based on articles in Journal of the Textile Institute and Textile Research
Journal, 1950-1971.]
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 11, 13, 90, 106, 111, TI
Murphy, William S., ed. The Textile Industries: A Practical Guide to Fibres, Yarns and
Fabrics in Every Branch of Textile Manufacture, Including Preparation of Fibres, Spinning,
Doubling, Designing, Weaving, Bleaching, Printing, Dyeing and Finishing. 8 vols.
London: Gresham Publishing Company, 1910-11. [Contributors include Thomas W. Fox, R.
Hannon and G.H. Wood.]
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 10, 13, 29, 115, RM, SM, WT
National Art Library. A List of Books and Pamphlets in the National Art Library, South
Kensington Museum. Part I. Textile Fabrics. Part II. Lace and Needle
Work. 1888. 85p. [List covers books from all over the world, arranged by subject.]
Locations: 1, 85
Patent Office. Library. Subject List of Works on the Textile Industries and Wearing
Apparel, Including the Culture and Chemical Technology of Textile Fibres, in the Library
of the Patent Office. London: H.M.S.O., 1902. 127p. [No.10. Bibliographical series
no.7 of Patent Office Library Series. New ed., 1919. iv + 329p. Includes listings
for dyes, fibres, spinning, weaving and other textile subject areas.]
Locations: 1, 10, 85
Portico Library. Cotton: A Portico Bibliography. Manchester: Portico Library, 1991.
11p.
Locations: 1, PL
Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts. Records of British Business and Industry,
1760-1914: Textiles and Leather. London: H.M.S.O., 1990. xiii + 130p. [8 of Guides
to Sources for British History Based on the National Register of Archives.]
Locations: 3, 7, 20, 85, 102, 115
Sheridan, Clare M. "Textile Manufacturing in American History: A
Bibliography." Textile History Vol.18., No.1 (1987) 59-86.
[Includes comparative material.]
Locations: 1, 7, 10, 85, 115
Shirley Institute. Catalogue of Periodicals in the Shirley Institute Library.
Manchester: The Institute, 1956. [Later editions 1962 and 1964.]
Locations: 1
---. Catalogue of the Shirley Institute. Didsbury, Manchester: The Institute, 1931.
246p. [Refers chiefly to textile technology, chemistry and scientific subjects.]
Locations: 1, TI
---. Shirley Institute Literature, 1922-1970. A Guide for Finishers. New ed.
Manchester: The Institute, 1971. 355p. [105 of Shirley Institute Pamphlets.]
Locations: 1
---. Summary of Current Literature. Manchester: Shirley Institute, 1961-. [Vols. 31-33
(1951-3) and Vol.48 (1968) contain author and subject indexes. For issues published before
1961 see: British Cotton Industry Research Association, Summary of Current Literature.]
Locations: Vol.41 (1961)-Vol.48 (1968): 1, 85, HTM
---. World Textile Abstracts. Manchester: Shirley Institute, 1969-.
Locations: Vol.1 (1969)-Vol.20 (1988): 1 Vol.1
(1969)-: 7
Sommar, Helen G. A Brief Guide to Sources of Fiber and Textile Information.
Washington: Information Resources Press, 1973. 146p.
Locations: 1, HTM
Textile Institute. Library Catalogue. Manchester: Textile Institute, 1930. 56p.
[1936 ed. 79p.]
Locations: 1, TI
---. Where to See Textiles and Textile Machinery: A Guide to Collections and Exhibitions
of Textiles, Apparel, and Textile Machinery, Picture Sources and Places to Visit,
Worldwide. Manchester: Textile Institute, 1977. 95p.
Locations: TI
---. "Library Catalogue." The Yearbook of the Textile Institute.
Manchester: The Institute, 1951- 52. [Catalogue pp. 83-138.]
Locations: 1, 3
Woodbury, Charles Jephtha Hill. Bibliography of the Cotton Manufacture. 2 vols.
Waltham, Massachusetts: E.L. Barry, 1909-10. 213p. [First appeared in Transactions
of the National Association of Cotton Manufacturers, 1909 (No.86) and 1910 (No.88) of
which Woodbury was Secretary. Covers all countries, with history and economics.
5,074 titles. Reprinted New York: Franklin, 1970.]
Locations: 3, 7
Yates, Brian. How to Find Out About the United Kingdom Cotton Industry. Oxford:
Pergamon, 1967. ix + 97p. [Guide to industrial processes, development of the industry, the
Cotton Board and industrial associations and societies.]
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 11, 91, 111
2. DIRECTORIES
Branded Goods Limited. Branded Goods Textile Section: A Complete Register of Branded Goods
in the Textile and Associated Trades Compiled from Official Records Covering All Goods
Employed in Manufacture and Handled By Draper and Outfitter. London: Branded Goods
Limited, 1924. [Identifies trade names etc.]
Locations: 1, 6, 7, 10, MMSI 1936 ed. : QBM
British Textile Machinery Association. Handbook of Member Firms and Their Products:
Directory. Manchester: The Association, 1971-89.
Locations: 1971-72: 1 1976: 1 1978-88: 1, 2, 3 1981:
11 1988: 7 1989: 11
Burn's Commercial Glance, by which Merchants...May See the Quantity of Yarn and
Manufactured Cotton Goods Exported from London, Liverpool, Hull, Bristol, Goole and
Newcastle-Upon- Tyne, 1840-44. Sixteenth Annual Glance. Manchester: Burn,
1840-44.
Locations: 1, CL
Collinson, Richard. Collinson's Cotton Clock and Diary 1912-1913. Compiled and Published
By Richard Collinson, Proprietor of the Royal Exchange Directory. Manchester: John
Heywood Ltd., [1913]. 51p. [Includes quarterly cyclical tables showing seasonal
variations in the cotton market.]
Locations: 1, QBM
---. Directory of the Manchester Royal Exchange. Manchester, 1891/2-1968.
[Originally compiled by Richard Collinson; later compiled and published by Hartshead
Publications. Identifies members of the Exchange. Subsequent editions
include telephone numbers and details of members of the Royal Exchange. Also
includes substantial advertising material.]
Locations: 1
The Cotton Year Book and Diary. Manchester: Textile Mercury, 1905-62. [Formerly The
Textile Year Book - Cotton. Continued as the Cotton and Man-Made Fibres Year Book.]
Locations: 1910-12: 1 1913: 7 1914: 1 1916-24:
7 1917: 1 1919: 1, 102 1920-23: 1 1922: 13 1924: 18 1926: 3 1926-33: 1, 7 1929: 3 1930-31:
3 1933: 3 1934-5: 7 1935-37: 1 1936: 3 1939-41: 1 1943-45: 1 1945-47: 3 1947-62: 1
1949-52: 3 1953: 102 1954-58: 3 1955: 59 1960: 102 1961-62: 7
Davison's Textile Blue Book: United States and Canada, With Raw Cotton Firms of the World.
Ridgewood, New Jersey: Davison Publishing Company, 1919-82. [Emphasis
on America, but with good coverage of British and European markets.]
Locations: 1919-60 (incomplete); 1960-: 2 1963-82
(incomplete): 1
Hosking, Albert W. Guide to the Manchester Trade: An Original and Technical Classification
of Yarns and Fabrics, in Cotton, Wool, Flax, and Silk, Comprising Extensive Lists of
Spinners, Manufacturers, Merchants, Warehousemen, and Agents. Manchester: Albert W.
Hosking, 1877. 210p. [Important early guide, includes The Manchester Shipping Trade
November 1877 (18p.) - a list of 600 export shippers to Manchester.]
Locations: 1
Keller, Armin H., ed. World Textile Directory [and] Alphabetical Translation Keys.
2 vols. Zurich: International Textile Service, 1966. [1 of I.T.S. Textile Guides.
Textile machinery, dyestuffs, accessories, man-made fibrec. In English, French,
German, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese.]
Locations: 1, 2
Kelly & Co. Kelly's Directory of the Manufacturers of Textile Fabrics.
This Work Includes Spinners and Manufacturers of Lancashire and Yorkshire and the Whole of
the Trades in Any Way Connected With the Textile Fabric Industries Throughout England,
Scotland and Wales and Some of the Principal Towns in Ireland. 1st ed. London:
Kelly & Co., 1880. xlvi + 1594p. [Important early textile directory.]
Locations: 1
---. Kelly's Directory of the Textile Industries of the UK. London: Kelly
& Co., 1920-. [Later issues, title changes to Kelly's Directory of the Textile
Industries Throughout England, Scotland and Wales.]
Locations: 7th ed. (1920): 3, 115 9th ed. (1928): 1,
59, 102
Kendale Publications. The New Yorkshire and Lancashire Textile Industry Directory,
1985 (Including Parts of Cheshire and Derbyshire). Also Containing: Suppliers to the
Textile Industry from Companies in the U.K. and from Abroad. Huddersfield: Kendale
Publications, 1985-.
Locations: 1, 3, 6, 9, 11, 29, 102, 115, TI
Liverpool Cotton Association, Ltd. List of Members and Associate Members (Annual).
Liverpool: The Association, 1929-77 (incomplete).
Locations: 1, 2
Manchester Exchange Directory: Forming a Key to All, or Nearly All, the Principal and
Machine Tool Making and Engine and Boilermaking Establishments; Chemical Works, Print
Works, Dye Works, Bleaching Works, Spinning Mills, and Manufactories, of Lancashire, With
Parts of Yorkshire, Derbyshire and Cheshire. Manchester, 1847.
Locations: CL
Manchester Exchange Directory of 1848: Chiefly Useful to Buyers, Sellers, Merchants, Etc.
Frequenting the Manchester Exchange Room. Manchester, 1848.
Locations: CL
The Manchester Mercantile and Manufacturing Annual Directory, and Record of Industrial
Progress, for 1854-55, With Information Essential to the Producers, Sellers and Buyers of
Textile Fabrics. Manchester: Collinson & Co., 1855.
Locations: 1, CL
Manchester Textile Exchange: Directory and Diary. Oldham; Denshaw: Hartshead
Publications (1st ed.); Hetherdene Associates (2nd & 3rd eds.), 1969-72.
Locations: 1st ed. (1969-70): 15 2nd ed. (1970-71):
1, 7, 15 3rd ed. (1971-72): 1, 15, 70
New York Cotton Exchange. Cotton Year Book of the New York Cotton Exchange.
1930-. [Also includes information on British cotton industry. Incomplete
run.]
Locations: 1
Skinner, Thomas. The Lancashire Textile Industry. Manchester: Thomas Skinner,
1938-71. [Became British Textile Industry in 1972, published in Croydon: Thomas
Skinner.]
Locations: 1938: 59 1940: 59 1947: 59 1961-: 29 1965:
59 1970: 11, 15, 59 1971: 13, 15, 59, 102, HTM
---. Skinner's Cotton Trade Directory of the World. Manchester: Thomas Skinner,
1923-72. [Became Skinner's Cotton and Man-Made Directory of the World in 1964.
Changed title to Skinner's British Textile Register in December 1972. Good
coverage of British and Empire/Commonwealth countries.]
Locations: 1923: 1, 7, 20, 102 1924: HTM 1924-63: 85
1925: 29, 115 1925-72: 1 1928: 3, 11 1932-38: 3 1935: MMSI 1937: HTM 1939: MMSI 1940: 11
1941: 115 1944: 11 1946: MMSI 1947-72: 2 1950: 18 1951: 11 1953: MMSI, TH 1954: 11 1955:
13, 102 1956: 11 1957: 7 1958: 11, BOM 1961: MMSI 1961-63: 11, HTM 1963: TH 1964: 7,
85 1965: 11, 102, MMSI 1967: LRO, MMT 1968: 11 1969: 11, 59, HTM, MMSI 1971: 3, 11, 19,
59, HTM, MMSI 1972: 13, 102, HTM 1973: 1, 3, 11, 21, 79 1973-75: 2, 102 1974: 59 1975: 3,
19, 28
Slater's Textile Directory of the World. Manchester: Slater, 1894.
[Part 1 covers Great Britain.]
Locations: 1
Sowerbutts, E. The Cotton Waste Dealers' Directory. Manchester, 1883. 45p.
Locations: 3
Textile Manufacturer. Buyers' Directory and Guide. Manchester: Textile
Manufacturer, 1924. 131p. [Guide to the principal makers of textile machinery and mill
supplies.]
Locations: 1924-: 1
Textile World. The Directory of Branded Textile Merchandise. 3rd ed., 1926.
Locations: 1
Woods & Co. Woods' Cotton and Woollen (Manufacturers) Textile Diary.
Manchester: Woods & Co., 1902, 1907. [First published in 1885. Woods published
diaries on engineering, chemical and cotton spinning. Includes information on
leading firms.]
Locations: 1
Worrall, John Ltd. The Cotton Spinners and Manufacturers' Directory, and Engineers and
Machine Makers' Advertiser for Lancashire and the Adjoining Districts...Containing the
Approximate Numbers of Spindles and Looms, and the Pay Days, Telegraphic Addresses and
Telephone Numbers of the Principal Firms. Oldham: Worrall, 1884-1971.
[Changed title in 1931 (47th ed.) to The Lancashire Textile Industry: incorporating The
Cotton Spinners and Manufacturers' Directory for Lancashire. In 1971 became The Lancashire
Textile Industry, published by Thomas Skinner. (Worrall also published other
international directories, dealing with markets other than Britain, including The
Continental Directory of Cotton Spinners and Manufacturers, Containing the Cotton Spinning
and Weaving Mills of Europe (Except the United Kingdom) Giving Also, Where Possible, the
Approximate Number of Spindles and Looms.)]
Locations: 1884: 1 1887 (5th ed.): 1 1888 (6th ed.):
13 1888-1923: 11 (incomplete) 1889 (7th ed.): 1, 11 1891 (8th ed.): 1 1892 (9th ed.): 1
1896 (12th ed.): 102 1897 (13th ed.)-1900 (16th ed.): 1 1903 (19th ed.): 1, 102 1904 (20th
ed.): 3, 7, 12 1908 (24th ed.): 102 1908 (24th ed.)-1918 (34th ed.): 1 1910 (26th ed.):
11, 13 1910 (26th ed.)-1912 (28th ed.): 13 1911 (27th ed.): 13, 18, 85, 102 1914: 3, 21,
85 1915 (31st ed.): 11, 13 1915 (31st ed.)-1919 (35th ed.): 13 1916 (32nd ed.): 7 1917
(33rd ed.): 11, 13 1918 (34th ed.): 1, 13 1919 (35th ed.): 2 1920 (36th ed.): 1, 29 1920
(36th ed.)-1928 (44th ed.): 85 1920 (36th ed.)-1946 (61st ed.): 1 1921 (37th ed.)-1926
(42nd ed.): 13 1922 (38th ed.): 7 1923 (39th ed.): 11, 13 1925 (41st ed.): 27 1928 (44th
ed.): 102 1929 (45th ed.): MMSI 1930 (46th ed.): 102 1932 (48th ed.): 3, 9 1934 (50th
ed.): 12 1936 (52nd ed.): 3 1937 (53rd ed.): 102 1937 (53rd ed.):-1971 (86th ed.): 11
(incomplete) 1938 (54th ed.)-1941 (57th ed.): 13 1939 (55th ed.): LRO 1940 (56th ed.)-1942
(58th ed.): 2 1944 (59th ed.)-1945 (60th ed.): 2, LRO 1948 (63rd ed.): BOM, LRO 1948 (63rd
ed.)-1971 (86th ed.): 1, 12 1950 (65th ed.): 102 1951 (66th ed.): LRO 1951 (66th ed.)-1971
(86th ed.): 2 1952 (67th ed.): 3, 23 1953 (68th ed.): 5 1954 (69th ed.): 3, 7, 23 1954
(69th ed.)-1971 (86th ed.): 13 (Rochdale only) 1955 (70th ed.): 18 1956 (71st ed.):
33 1957 (72nd ed.): 18, 33 1957 (72nd ed.)-1959 (74th ed.): 3, 23, 33 1958 (73rd ed.):
MMSI 1959 (74th ed.): 18, 33, 102 1960 (75th ed.): 33 1961 (76th ed.): 3, 17, 18, 19, 23,
29, 33, 115 1962 (77th ed.): 29, 33, LRO 1963 (78th ed.): 3, 7, 18, 23, 29, 33, 102, 115
1964 (79th ed.): 19, 29, 33 1965 (80th ed.): 3, 15, 19, 23, 29, 33, MMSI 1966 (81st ed.):
3, 7, 15, 19, 23, 29, 33, 102 1967 (82nd ed.): 3, 15, 18, 19, 23, 29, 33, 102 1968 (83rd
ed.): 3, 15, 23, 29, 33, 102, BOM 1969 (84th ed.): 3, 15, 19, 23, 29, 33, 102 1970 (85th
ed.): 3, 15, 19, 22, 23, 29, 33, 102, BOM 1971 (86th ed.): 3, 15, 19, 23, 29, 33, 102
---. Textile Directory of the Manufacturing Districts in Ireland, Scotland and Wales and
the Counties of Chester, Derby, Gloucester, Leicester, Nottingham, Worcester, and Other
Manufacturing Districts Not Included in Worrall's Textile Directories of Lancashire and
Yorkshire; With the Approximate Numbers of Spindles and Looms. Oldham: Worrall,
1912-1972. [Changed title in 1924 (34th ed.) to Textile Directory of the Manufacturing
Districts in Ireland, Scotland and Wales, with the Dominions of Australia, Canada, and New
Zealand, and the Counties of Chester, Derby, Gloucester, Leicester, Nottingham, Worcester,
and other manufacturing districts not included in Worrall's Textile Directories of
Lancashire and Yorkshire; with the approximate numbers of spindles and looms. Changed
title in 1932 (42nd ed.) to The British and Dominion Textile Industry [excluding
Lancashire and Yorkshire] incorporating Worrall's Textile Directory of Ireland, Scotland
and Wales, etc. Changed title in 1964 (74th ed.) to The British and Commonwealth Textile
Industry [excluding Lancashire and Yorkshire] with separate sections for the Republics of
Ireland and South Africa incorporating Worrall's British and Dominion Textile Industry,
Worrall's Textile Directory of Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Changed title in 1970-71 (80th
ed.) to The British Textile Industry published by Skinner. Skinner then published
three directories: 1. Lancashire Textile Industry, 2. Yorkshire Textile Directory, 3.
British Textile Industry (81st ed.).]
Locations: 1913 (23rd ed.)-1916 (26th ed.): 1 1918
(28th ed.): 1 1920 (30th ed.): 1 1922 (32nd ed.)-1932 (42nd ed.): 1 1923 (33rd ed.): 102
1924 (35th ed.): 13 1934 (44th ed.): 1, 12 1936 (46th ed.)-1946 (56th ed.): 1 1948
(58th ed.)-1971-72 (81st ed.): 1
---. Textile Machinery Index. Oldham: John Worrall Ltd., 1956-62.
Locations: 1956: 7, 39 1962: 3, 6 1965: 11 1969: 10
---. Yorkshire Textile Directory and Engineers' and Machine Makers' Advertiser; Containing
the Approximate Number of Spindles and Looms. Oldham: John Worrall,
1883-1972. [Changed title in 1931-32 (47th ed.) to The Yorkshire Textile Industry,
incorporating the Yorkshire Textile Directory and Engineers' and Machine Makers'
Advertiser. Changed title in 1970-71 (85th ed.) to Skinner's Yorkshire Textile
Directory. From 1974 included in the British Textile Register.]
Locations: 1908/09 (24th ed.): 11 1911/12 (27th
ed.)-1912/13 (28th ed.): 1 1914/15 (30th ed.)-1916/17 (32nd ed.): 1 1919/20 (35th
ed.)-1932/33 (48th ed.): 1 1930 (Pocket ed.): 1 1934/35 (50th ed.): 1 1935/36 (51st ed.):
3 1936/37 (52nd ed.)-1941/42 (57th ed.): 1 1937/38 (53rd ed.)-1971/72 (86th ed.): 11
1938/39-1942/3 (Pocket ed.): 1 1943/44 (59th ed.)-1967/68 (82nd ed.): 1
3. PERIODICALS AND YEARBOOKS
Annual Cotton Handbook for Daily Use of American, East Indian and Egyptian Crops, Together
With Liverpool, Brazilian, Continental, &c. Statistics; Containing Much Useful and
Reliable Information for the Cotton Trade. London: Comtelborough Ltd., 1900-40.
[Prior to 1914 title was Handbook for Daily Cable Records of American Crop Statistics.]
Locations: 1913 (43rd year)-1940 (70th): 1,
1900- 08, 1910-40: 85
Bleachers' Monthly Journal (The Official Organ of the Operative Bleachers', Dyers' and
Finishers' Association [Bolton Amalgamation]). March 1906-1916. 1906-16.
Locations: 3
Bury and District Textile Society Journal: Session 1937-1938. Bury: The Society,
1937-8. 132p. [Society was founded in 1929, its main objective being to bring together -
through lectures and discussions - persons engaged in the industry. Volume
includes 13 lectures, including I.R.W. Daniels, "The new Factory Act", pp.9-12;
G. Lee, "New developments in sizing machines", pp.21-30; J.
Tetlow, "Improvements in flyer and ring spinning machines", pp.31-46;
J.H. Hall, "Air conditioning for the textile industry," pp.47-52.]
Locations: 10
Canadian Textile Journal. Montreal: Canadian Textile Journal Publishing Company,
1953- 83. [Began publication in 1883. Official journal of the Textile Society of
Canada, Eastern and Western Divisions. Fortnightly.]
Locations: Vol.70 (1953)-Vol.100 (1983): 1
Ciba Review. Vol.1, No.1 Sep 1937-. [Includes articles "on the history of
dyeing, printing, tanning, weaving, etc. and the numerous crafts connected with the
refinement of textile products." Became Ciba-Geigy Review in 1971.]
Locations: 1, LCL
Cotton. The Journal of the Cotton Trade and Its Allied Auxiliary Industries.
London: George Harrison, 1877-79. [Weekly. Changed title at Vol.2, No.89 (5 Oct
1878) to Cotton and its Allied Industries: the Journal of the Cotton, Woollen, Silk, Flax,
Jute and Linen Trades.]
Locations: Vol.1, No.1 (27 Jan 1877)-Vol.3 (17 May
1879): 1
Cotton: The Official Journal of the Manchester Cotton Association. Manchester:
Manchester Cotton Association, 1895-1965. [Weekly. Ran from 20th April 1895-
No.3077, 21st December 1957. Replaced by a fortnightly typewritten newssheet (1958-1965).]
Locations: Vol.1, No.1 (20 Apr 1895)-Vol.63, No.3077
(21 Dec 1957); New series: No.1 (4th Jan 1958)-No.195 (28th Aug 1965): 1
Cotton and Rayon Merchants' Association Members' Bulletin [Irregular]. Manchester:
The Association, 1945-.
Locations: 1, 91
Cotton Board Trade Letter. Statistical Supplement. Manchester: Cotton Board,
1945-52. [Continued as The Cotton Board Quarterly Statistical Review from
1952]
Locations: No.54 (Dec 1948)-: 1
Cotton Factory Times. Manchester and Ashton-under-Lyne: J. Andrews, 1885-1937.
[First published 16 January 1885 (No.1) - 2 July 1937 (No.2733).
Published registration issue, 9 July 1937 (No. 2734) - July 1967 (No. 3191).]
Locations: 1885-1937: 1, 85, 102
Cotton Gazette and Cotton Markets Advertiser. 6 January 1894-. Liverpool,
1894. [Vol.1 (1894)- Vol.48 (1941).]
Locations: 2
Cotton Investors' Guide. Vol 1. Shaw: Lancashire Textile Monthly Record
Ltd., 1926.
Locations: 13
Cotton Strike Leader. Rawtenstall: Cotton Strikers' Solidarity Movement, 1931-2.
[Continued as Cotton Workers' Leader October, 1932- July, 1933.]
Locations: WCML
Cotton Supply Reporter. Manchester: Isaac Watts,1858-72. [Issued monthly by the
Cotton Supply Association.]
Locations: 1858-60, 1861-62: 102
Cotton Trade Journal. International [Trade] Edition of the Cotton Trade Journal.
New Orleans: Cotton Trade Journal, 1931. [Annual.]
Locations: 1: Vol.1, No.12 (21 Mar 1931)
---. International Edition Yearbook, 1952- 1953. New Orleans: Cotton Trade
Journal, 1953.
Locations: 1
CPA Star. The Staff Magazine of the Calico Printers' Association, Etc. Manchester:
CPA, 1957-. [Vol. 7, No.1 (Spring 1957)-. Title later CPA Progress.]
Locations: 1
The Distaff. Manchester: The Fine Cotton Spinners and Doublers' Association, 1949-52.
[House magazine of the Association.]
Locations: Vol.3 (1949)-Vol.6 (1952) (incomplete): 1
The Dyer, Calico Printer, Bleacher, Finisher and Textile Review. London: Heywood
and Company, 1879-1933.
Locations: Vol.1 (1881)-: 1 Vol.43-(1920)-Vol.70
(1933) (incomplete): 111
Empire Cotton Growing Review: Journal of the Empire Cotton Growing Corporation.
London: The Corporation, 1924-66. [Quarterly. Title later changes to Cotton Growing
Review.]
Locations: Vol. 1 (1924)-Vol. 43 (1966): 1
Fibres. 1951-59. [Title changed to Fibres and Textile Industries in May 1951;
Textile Industries and Fibres in June 1951, Fibres Natural and Synthetic in January 1953.
It was taken over by the Leonard Hill Group in 1953. Subsequently became Fibres
(Engineering and Chemistry) in December 1955, Fibres International in August 1958, Fibres
and Plastics in July 1959.]
Locations: Vol.12 (Jan 1951)-Vol.22 (Nov 1961): 1
Guild of Calico Printers', Bleachers', Dyers' and Finishers' Foremen Yearbook.
Manchester: Bethell (printer), 1923-.
Locations: 3, 59
Indian Textile Journal: A Representative Publication for the Textile, Engineering &
Electrical Industries of India. Bombay: Indian Textile Journal Ltd., 1930-83.
[Established 1890. Monthly. Changed title to Indian Textile Journal:
incorporating the Indian Export & Trades Journal, and Indian Industries & Power.]
Locations: Vol.41 (1930)-Vol.93 (1982-83): 1
International Cotton Bulletin. Manchester: International Federation of Master Cotton
Spinners' and Manufacturers' Association, 1923-39. [Quarterly. International
coverage. Official organ of the International Federation of Master Cotton Spinners' and
Manufacturers' Association. Ceased publication in 1939, recommencing in 1950
(Vol.18). Changed title to International Review of Cotton and Allied Textile Industries.
Ceased publication in 1962 (Vol.30).]
Locations: Vol.1, No.1 (Sep 1922-June 1923)- Vol.17,
No.68 (Oct 1938-July 1939), Vol.18, No.1 (Jan 1950)-Vol.30, No.120 (Dec 1962): 1 Vol.3,
No.12 (July 1925): 3
Journal of the British Association of Managers of Textile Works (Lancashire Section).
1909-45. [Mainly technical but some articles of historical interest. Became Journal of the
National Federation of Textile Works Managers' Associations, running from 1921-28.
This title in turn became The Textile Weekly: The Official Organ of the National
Federation of Textile Works Managers' Associations running from 1928-69, eventually
becoming Textile News: Official Organ of the National Federation of Textile Works'
Managers Association which ran fortnightly from 1969-70.]
Locations: Vol.1 (1909-10)-Vol.11 (1920-21): 1, 7
Vols. 3-5 (1911-14); Vols.7-11 (1915-21): 7 Vol.5 (1913-4): 7 Vol.7 (1915-16)-Vol.11
(1920-21): 7, 10, 13
Vol. 1 (1921)-Vol. 24 (1945) (incomplete): 7 Vol. 1-2 (1921-22), Vol. 26 (1947), Vol. 36
(1957), Vol. 39: 7 Vol. 3 (1923), Vol.5-8 (1926-29): BM
Vol.1, No.1 (9 Mar 1928)-Vol.69, No.2159 (29 Aug 1969): 1, 91 Vol.5 (Mar-Aug 1930); Vol.63
(Jul-Dec 1963); Vol.64 (Jan-June 1964); (Jan-June 1966); (Jan- June 1967): 11 Vol.52
(1953)-Vol.65 (1965): BM
Locations: 26 Sep 1969-23 Oct 1970: 1
Journal of the Manchester Municipal School of Technology Textile Society.
Manchester: The Society, 1908-. [Changed title to Journal of the Manchester
College of Technology Textile Society, Vol.10 (1919-20). Ceased publication at the
beginning of World War II, recommencing in 1946.]
Locations: Vol.1 (1908-9)-Vol.30 (1939-40); 1946- 8:
1 Vol.1 (1908)-1927: 15
Journal of the Nelson Textile Society, Municipal Technical School, Nelson, 1913-14
Session. Vol 1. Nelson: Nelson Textile Society, 1913-14.
Locations: 3, 32
Journal of the Oldham and District Textile Society. Oldham: The Society, 1944-6.
Locations: 11
Journal of the Rossendale Textile Society. Bacup: Rossendale Textile Society,
1950-71.
Locations: 1950/51-1970/71: 3, 21, 33 1955-1970/71: 1
Journal of the Textile Institute. Manchester: Shirley Institute, 1910-93.
Locations: Vol.1 (1910)-Vol.84 (1993): 1 Vol.13
(1922)-Vol.24, No.6 (June 1933), Vol.40, No.1 (Jan 1949)-: 7 Vol.14 (1923)-Vol.22 (1931),
Vol.29 (1938), Vol.32 (1941)-Vol.36 (1945): 111 Vol.37 (1946)-Vol.54 (1963): BM Vol.38
(1947)-Vol.48 (1957) (incomplete): SM [Cumulative Index to the Journal, 1910-21, to the
Transactions Section 1922-66, to the Journal 1967- 70. 2nd ed. (1971) (174p.): 7, 111]
L'Industrie Textile. 1899-1907. [Contains material on the English cotton industry.]
Locations: 1
Liverpool Cotton Association Daily Report. Liverpool: Liverpool Cotton Association,
1st Sep.1887-29th May 1929. [Incomplete: missing 1st Nov. 1894-13th Mar. 1899 and 1915.]
Locations: 1
Liverpool Raw Cotton Annual. Liverpool: Liverpool Cotton Association, 1957-63.
Locations: 2, 91
Posselt's Textile Journal. A Practical Educational Journal Devoted to the Textile
Industries in the Production of Cotton, Wool, Silk from Fibre to Fabric, Knit and Woven
Goods Including Dyeing, Drying, Bleaching and Finishing. Philadelphia: E.A. Posselt,
1908-23. [Monthly. Chiefly American in content, but some discussion of British industry.]
Locations: Vol.2 (Jan 1908)-Vol.33 (Nov 1923): 1
Revue Textile. Paris, 1924-67.
Locations: Vol.22 (Jan 1924)-Vol.38 (Mar 1940);
Vol.53 (Sep 1954, New Series, No.1)- Vol.66 (Mar- Apr 1967): 1
Shirley Institute Bulletin. Manchester: The Institute, 1928-65.
Locations: Vol.1 (1928)-Vol.34 (1961): 1 Vol.24
(1951)-Vol.38 (1965) (incomplete): BM
Shirley Institute Memoirs. Manchester: B.C.I.R.A., Shirley Institute, 1922-.
[Primarily technical articles on cotton.]
Locations: 1922-70: 1, 3, 7, 13, 19 1925, 1951: BM
Shirley Institute Year Book Manchester: Shirley Institute, 1949-51.
Locations: 1
Tattersall's Cotton Trade Review. Manchester: Frederick W. Tattersall Ltd.,
1925-79. Monthly. [Title later changed to Frederick W. Tattersall's Trade Review of the
Cotton and Allied Textile Industries.]
Locations: No.317 (15th Jan 1925)-No.966 (1979)
(irregular): 1
Textile Colourist: A Monthly Journal of Bleaching, Dyeing, and Finishing Textile Fabrics,
and the Manufacture and Application of Colouring Matters; Edited By Charles O'Neill.
Manchester, 1876- 7. [Also contains specimens of printed and dyed
fabrics. Merged with Textile Manufacturer.]
Locations: 1
Textile History. Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1968-81. [Academic journal
covering all aspects of textile history. Vol. 1, No.1 (Dec 1968)- Vol 12 (Dec
1981). From Volume 13 (Spring 1982), title changes to Textile History. The Journal
of Textile and Costume History and Conservation published by Butterworths for the Pasold
Research Fund Ltd.]
Locations: 1, 7, 10, 85, 112, 115
Textile Industries. Atlanta, Georgia, 1951- 83. [Monthly. Formerly the
journal Cotton, established in 1898.]
Locations: Vol.115 (Jan 1951)-Vol.147 (Dec 1983): 1
Textile Industry and Exporter. Manchester, 1927-38. Vol.1 (1927)-Vol.18
(1938).
Locations: 3
The Textile Institute and Industry. Manchester: Textile Institute, 1963-. [Became Textile
Horizons in September 1981. Changed title to Textile Horizons International in
October 1992.]
Locations: Vol.1, No.1 (Jan 1963)-Vol.19, No.8 (Aug
1981): 1, 111 1992-: TI
The Textile Journal. London: Conducted by S. Chas Phillips, 1902-6. Monthly.
[Mainly technical.]
Locations: Vol.3 (7 Mar 1903)-Vol.10 (Jul 1906)
(incomplete): 1
The Textile Manufacturer: An Illustrated Trade Journal for Mill Owners, Machinists, Dyers,
Bleachers, Etc. Manchester: Emmott & Co., 1875- 1978. [Absorbed Textile
Colourist in 1877.]
Locations: Vol.1 (1875)-Vol.94 (1968): 111 Vol.3 (15
Jan 1877)-Vol.85 (Dec 1959); Vol.86 (1960)-Vol. 104 (1978) (incomplete): 1 Vol.80
(1954)-Vol.93(1967) (incomplete): BM Vol.24 (1898): WT
---. The Textile Manufacturer Year Book. Manchester: Emmott & Co. at the Textile
Manufacturer Office, 1919-40. [Information on the cotton trade, textile machinery, review
of the year for millowners, managers and overlookers.]
Locations: 1919-40: 1, 7 (incomplete) 1919-38: 7
1920: 11 1923-30: SM (incomplete) 1924: 13, 18, 29 1930: 29 1937: 3 1939: 59, BM
The Textile Mercury: A Representative Weekly Journal of Spinners, Manufacturers,
Machinists, Bleachers, Colourists, and Merchants, in All Branches of the Textile
Industries. Manchester: Marsden & Co., 1889-1966. [Merged with
Textile Argus to become Textile Mercury and Argus on 20th March 1889. Absorbed the
Hosiery Review in 1931. Last issue of the Textile Mercury and Argus published on
23rd August 1963 (Vol.149, No.3881), after which it became the Textile Mercury
International.]
Locations: Vol.1, No.1 (27 Apr 1889)-Vol.116 (26 Dec
1947)-Vol.152, No.3956 (8 Jul 1966): 1, 91 Vol.150 (1964): BM
Textile Mercury Cotton Year Book. Salford: Textile Mercury, 1910-.
[Important compendium of information on the industry. Title later changes to Cotton
and Man-Made Fibres Year Book. Includes statistics and technical information on
processes and machinery.]
Locations: 1910-62: 1 1918: 7 1923: SM 1927: 7
1935: SM 1961: 11 1962: 29
Textile Month. Altrincham: World Textile Publications, 1968-82. [Successor to
Textile Recorder, Skinner's Record of the Man-Made Fibres Industry and Man-Made Fibres.
From 1980, supplement issued, Textile News (UK), Manchester: IPC.]
Locations: Vol.1 (Jan 1968)-(Dec 1982): 1
Textile News: A Journal of Practical Information on Textile Work and Engineering.
23 March 1888-20 October 1890. Manchester: E.B. Woods, 1888-90. Monthly.
Locations: 1
Textile Progress: A Critical Appreciation of Recent Developments. Manchester:
Textile Institute, 1969-90. [Mainly technical.]
Locations: Vol.1, No.1 (Mar 1969)-Vol.20 (1990): 1,
111
Textile Recorder. Manchester: John Heywood, 1883-1967. Monthly. [Last issued
published December 1967, after which title changed to Textile Recorder, Man-Made Textiles
and Skinner's Record.]
Locations: Vol.1 (1883)-Vol.76 (1959); Vol.78
(1960)-Vol.85 (1967): 91 Vol.1 (15 May 1883)-Vol.85 (Dec 1967) (incomplete): 1 Vol.17
(1900), Vol.21 (1904)-Vol.24 (1907): TH Vol.39 (1922): SM Vol.50 (May 1933)-Vol.58 (Apr
1941); Vol.61 (Sep 1944)-Vol.68 (Apr 1951); Vol.69 (Sep 1951)- Vol.71 (Apr 1954); Vol.73
(1955)-Vol.85 (1967): BM Vol.82 (Jan 1964)-Vol.83 (Dec 1965): 11
Textile Recorder Year Book. Manchester: John Heywood, 1922-48. [Significant
compendium of technical and statistical information, originally compiled and edited by
Frank Nasmith. Title becomes Textile Recorder Annual 1951-60. Title changed
to Textile Recorder & Machinery Review from 1961.]
Locations: 1922: 1, 29, BM 1923: WT 1924: 1 1927: 7
1930: 1, BM 1932: SM 1933: 13, SM 1935: 1 1937: 13 1939: 13 1940: 13 1941: 1 1942-3:
1 1946-7: 102 1947-8: 102 1948-9: 1 1954: 1 1955-57: 7 1957: 1, 59 1959/60: 3 1959/60-: 7
1960-61, 1965-66: 1
Textile Research Journal. Princeton, New Jersey: Textile Research Institute,
1945-91. [American technical journal.]
Locations: Vol.15 (Jan 1945)-Vol.61 (Dec 1991): 1
Textiles. Manchester: Shirley Institute, 1972-90. [Published three times a year.
Replaced Shirley Link. Later published by the British Textile Technology Group.]
Locations: Vol.1, No.1 (Feb 1972)-Vol.19, No.3
(1990): 1
Textiles in Industry. 1956-58. [Initially published monthly.]
Locations: Vol.1, No.3 (Jun 1956)-Vol.3, No.1
(Jan-Feb 1958): 1
Textile Technology Digest. Charlottesville, Virginia: Institute of Textile
Technology, 1980-89.
Locations: Vol.37 (1980)-Vol.46 (1989): 1
Textile Trader. An Independent Journal Intended to Bring Together Buyers and Sellers in
the Most Expeditious Manner. Manchester: Marsden & Co. (printers), 1929-30.
[Commercial journal. Not issued between September 22-October 20, 1930.]
Locations: Vol.1, No.1 (18 Mar 1929)-Vol.3, No.80 (10
Nov 1930): 1
Textile World. New York: Guild & Lord, 1888-. [Initially published by Guild and
Lord. Absorbed Textile Manufacturers Review and Industrial Record; Textile Record
April 1906; Textile Manufacturers' Journal December 1915; Posselt's Textile Journal
December 1923; Textiles November 1924 and Textile Advanced News May 1931.]
Locations: Vol.61 (Jan 1922)-Vol.140 (Dec 1990)
[Vol.118-119 (1968-69) incomplete]: 1 Vol.111 (1961)-Vol.117 (1967) (incomplete): BM
Textile World Fact File. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1954-76. [Directory of
suppliers, prices and business indicators - chiefly American.]
Locations: 1954-70: HTM 1971-76: 1
Texture: A Review of Textile Practices and Values. Chislehurst, Kent: Percy Ripley,
1953-58. [Quarterly. Edited and published by Percy Ripley. Also contains historical
articles. Changed title to Texture: a Quarterly Review of Textile Industry and
Research in 1956.]
Locations: Vol.1, No.1 (June 1953)-Vol.5, No.2 (June
1958): 1
Woollen, Worsted and Cotton Journal; or, Monthly Magazine of Industry. London: John
Watson, 1853-5. [Contents include reports of meetings of the Liverpool and
Manchester Chambers of Commerce of the Liverpool and Manchester wool markets, cotton
statistics, etc., and articles covering textile trades.]
Locations: Vol.1 (1853-4): 1, 2, 13
Worrall's Monthly Textile Gazette. Oldham: Worrall, 1914-15.
Locations: July-Aug 1914; Nov-Dec 1914; Feb 1915: 11
Year Book of the Textile Institute. Manchester: The Institute, 1948-.
Locations: No.1 (1948-49), No.2 (1949-50), No.4
(1951-52)-No.6 (1953-54)-No.14 (1962-63): 1 No.1 (1948-49)-: 3, 7, 9, 13, 33, 43, 58 No.7
(1954-55): 59
PART II. HISTORICAL STUDIES
1. General Histories
Armitage, Godfrey. "The Lancashire Cotton Trade from the Great Inventions to
the Great Disasters." Memoirs and Proceedings of Manchester Literary and
Philosophical Society Vol.92 (1951) 24- 39.
Locations: *
Aspin, Chris. The Cotton Industry. Aylesbury: Shire Publications Ltd., 1981. 32p.
[No. 63 of Shire Albums; popular brief illustrated survey.]
Locations: *
---. "Searching for Textile History." Textile Institute and Industry
Volume 3, No.8 (1965) 207-9.
Locations: 1, 111, LRO
Axon, W. E. A. "A Century of the Cotton Trade." Companion to the British
Almanac. 1886. 100-15. [Reprinted in Stray Chapters in Literature, Folk-Lore
and Archaeology. Manchester: Heywood, 1888. 277-302.]
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 85, 115, CL
Baines, Edward Jun. History
of the Cotton Manufacture in Great Britain: With a Notice of Its Early History in the
East, and in All the Quarters of the Globe; a Description of the Great Mechanical
Inventions, Which Have Caused Its Unexampled Extension in Britain; and a View of the
Present State of the Manufacture, and the Condition of the Classes Engaged in Its Several
Departments. London: H. Fisher, Fisher and Jackson, 1835. xviii + 544p. [Originally
appeared in Baines's History of the County Palatine of Lancaster. 4 vols.
London: Fischer, Son & Jackson. 1831-5. An early and detailed survey of the
cotton industry, making use of official documents and statistics, including those of the
factory inspectorate and manufacturers. A second edition was published in 1966 with a
bibliographical introduction by W. H. Chaloner. (London: Frank Cass, 1966. 544p). On
authorship see M. Winstanley, "Researching a County History: Edwin Butterworth,
Edward Baines and the History of Lancashire (1836)." Northern History, Vol.32 (1996)
152-72.]
Locations: *
---. History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster by the late Edward Baines. The
Biographical Department By W.R. Whatton. London, 1831-2. 2 vols. [Later edidtions: London,
1836. 4 vols. London, 1868-70: 2 vols. (Edited by John Harland).
1888-93: 5 vols (Revised by James Croston). Includes section on the cotton
industry.]
Locations: *
Bazley, Thomas. "Cotton Manufacture." in Encylopaedia Britannica. 8th ed.
Vol. 7. Edinburgh: Black, 1854. 437-60.
Locations: 1
Beaver, S. H. "The Textile Industries: Cotton." in The British Isles. A
Geographic and Economic Survey. Ed. L. D. Stamp and S. H. Beaver. London:
Longmans, 1933. 473-500. [Various subsequent editions with revisions.]
Locations: *
Bigwood, George. Cotton. London: Constable & Co., 1918. viii + 204p. [No. 2 of
Staple Trades and Industries; general study tracing the cotton industry "From the
Earliest Times to the Present Day".]
Locations: 1, 3, 6, 7, 13, 19, 22, 33, 102
Bodey, Hugh. Textiles. London: Batsford, 1976. 96p. [Popular history
with emphasis on cotton.]
Locations: *
Branigan, James Joseph. Textiles. 2nd ed. London: Longmans, Green, 1954. 64p. [Men
At Work series; study for schoolchildren.]
Locations: 3, 7
Brown, Henry. The Cotton Fields and Cotton Factories; Being a Familiar View of the Rise
and Progress of That Wonderful Branch of Trade, the Cotton Manufacture. Adapted for Youth.
London: G. Routledge, [1840]. vii + 166p. [Early popular history for
children, includes illustrations.]
Locations: 1
Burrell, R. E. C. What Are You Wearing? The Story of Textiles. Oxford: Pergamon
Press, 1980. 101p. [No. 2 of The Making of the Industrial Revolution. Emphasis on cotton.
School text.]
Locations: 3, 115, TI
Burton, Anthony. The Rise and Fall of King Cotton. London: Andre Deutsch and the
B.B.C., 1984. 240p. [Illustrated account published to accompany B.B.C. television series.]
Locations: *
Butterworth, James. A Complete History of
the Cotton Trade [Including Also, That of the Silk, Calico-Printing and Hat
Manufactories; [With Remarks on Their Progress] in Bolton, Bury, Stockport, Blackburn and
Wigan; [and] an Account of the Chief Mart of These Goods, the Town of Manchester; By a
Person Concerned in the Trade. Manchester: C.W. Leake, 1823. 302p. [Early history.
Text based on 1822 ed. of his Antiquities of the Town and a Complete History of the Trade
of Manchester.]
Locations: 1, 7, 13, 29, 59, 91, 111, 112
Chapman, Sydney John. "The Cotton Industry." in The Victoria History of the
County of Lancaster. Ed. William Farrer and John Brownbill. Vol. 2.
London: Constable, 1908. 379-93. [Concise and authoritative account.]
Locations: *
---. The Cotton Industry and Trade. London: Methuen & Co., 1905. viii + 175p.
[Introductory history of organisation of the industry and trade drawn from his Lancashire
Cotton Industry.]
Locations: 1, 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 29, 32, CL
---. "Cotton Manufacture." in Encyclopaedia Britannica. 11th ed.
Vol. 7. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1910. 281- 301. [Brief
overview.]
Locations: 1
---. The Lancashire Cotton Industry: A Study in Economic Development. Manchester:
Manchester University Press, 1904. vii + 309p. [No.1 of University of Manchester Economic
Series. Important survey of industry in Lancashire from the coming of the factory
system to discussion of modern problems of organisation; trade unions and employers'
associations. Chapman was the Stanley Jevons Professor of Political Economy at the
University of Manchester. Reprinted Clifton, N.J.: A.M. Kelley, 1973. vii + 309p.
Reprints of Economic Classics.]
Locations: *
Coin, Robert. L. de. History and Cultivation of Cotton and Tobacco. London: Chapman
& Hall, 1864. 306p. [Dedicated to John Cheetham.]
Locations: 91, 102
Cotton, from the Pod to the Factory: A Popular View of the Natural and Domestic History of
the Plant,... With the Rise and Progress of the Cotton Factory to its Present State of
Perfection; and a Brief Account of Bleaching and Dyeing. London, Cradock &
Co.,1842. 64p. [Early popular account of cotton production.]
Locations: 1, 10
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Smith, Wilfred. An Economic Geography of Great Britain. London: Methuen & Co.,
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Archaeological Society Transactions Vol.64 (1964) 356-72.
Locations: 1, 3, CURO (K)
---. "The Textile Inventor John Kay." Bulletin of the John Rylands
Library Vol.48 (Autumn 1965) 9- 12.
Locations: 1, 85, CL
Chapman, Stanley David.. "The Arkwright Mills - Colquhoun's Census of 1788 and
Archaeological Evidence." Industrial Archaeology Review Vol.6, No.1 (1981-2) 5-27.
Locations: 85, 115
---. "British Marketing Enterprise: The Changing Roles of Merchants,
Manufacturers, and Financiers, 1700-1860." Business History Review Vol.53., No.2
(1979) 205-34.
Locations: 85
---. "The Commercial Sector." in The Lancashire Cotton Industry: A
History Since 1700. Ed. Mary B. Rose. Preston: Lancashire County Books,
1996. 63-93. [Survey of role and problems of merchants in industry from 18th to
20th century.]
Locations: *
---. "The Cost of Power in the Industrial Revolution: The Case of the Textile
Industry." Midland History Vol.1 (1970) 1-23. [Study of Robinson's-one of the
earliest firm to buy a steam engine for cotton spinning.]
Locations: 7
---. The Cotton Industry in the Industrial Revolution. 1st ed. London &
Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1972. 80p. Studies in Economic History. [Concise
survey of historical debates - development of cotton industry, technology, capital
formation, markets and labour - and bibliography.]
Locations: *
---. The Cotton Industry in the Industrial Revolution. 2nd ed. Basingstoke:
Macmillan Education Ltd., 1987. 74p. [Revision of the 1972 edition.]
Locations: *
---. "David Evans & Co. The Last of the Old London Textile Printers."
Textile History Vol.14., No.1 (1983) 29-57.
Locations: 1, 7, 10, 15, 85, 112, 115
---. Early Factory Masters: The Transition to the Factory System in the Midlands Textile
Industry. Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1967. 256p.[New edition published in
1992.]
Locations: *
--- "Financial Restraints on the Growth of Firms in the Cotton Industry,
1790-1850." Economic History Review, 2nd Series Vol.32., No.1 (February 1979) 50-69.
Location: 1, 59, 85, 115
---. "Fixed Capital Formation in the British Cotton Industry 1770-1815."
Economic History Review, 2nd Series Vol.23 (August 1970) 235-66. [Extended version
in Higgins and Pollard, 1971.]
Locations: 1, 59, 85, 115
---. "Fixed Capital Formation in the British Cotton Manufacturing Industry,
1770-1815." in Aspects of Capital Investment in Great Britain, 1750- 1850.
A Preliminary Survey. Ed. J. P. P. Higgins and S. Pollard with the
assistance of J.E. Ginarlis. London: Methuen, 1971. 57-119.
[Revised version (with discussions) of 1970 article.]
Locations: 1, 85, 115
---. "The Foundation of the English Rothschilds: N.M. Rothschild as a Textile
Merchant 1799-1811." Textile History Vol.8 (1977) 99-115.
Locations: 1, 7 10, 15, 85, 112, 115, CL
---. "The International Houses: The Continental Contribution to British
Commerce 1800- 1860." Journal of European Economic History Vol.6 (1977) 5-48.
Locations: 1, 85, 112, 115
---. "James Longsdon (1745-1821), Farmer and Fustian Manufacturer: The Small
Firm in the Early English Cotton Industry." Textile History Vol.1., No.3 (1971)
265-92.
Locations: 1, 7, 10, 15, 85, 112, 115
---. Merchant Enterprise in Britain from the Industrial Revolution to World War I.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. 360p. [Deals with home trade houses,
including Rylands.]
Locations: 85
---. "The Peels in the Early English Cotton Industry." Business History
Vol.11., No.2 (1969) 61- 89. [See also South African Journal of Economic
History Vol.8, No.1 (1993) 91-120.]
Locations: 1, 2, 3, 6, 59, 79, 112
---. "Quality Versus Quantity in the Industrial Revolution: The Case of
Textile Printing." Northern History Vol.21 (1985) 175-92.
Locations: 1, 3, 85, 112, 115
---. "The Transition to the Factory System in the Midlands Cotton- Spinning
Industry." Economic History Review, 2nd Vol.18 (1965) 526- 43.
Locations: 1, 85, 115
Chapman, S. D., and S. Chassagne. European Textile Printers in the Eighteenth Century: A
Study of Peel and Oberkampf. London: Heinemann Educational for the Pasold Fund,
1981. xii + 257p. [No. 1 of Pasold Studies in Textile History. Comparative study of
English and French calico printing companies.]
Locations: 3, 4, 10, 85, 91, 111, 112, 115
CIBA. "Manchester: The Origins of Cottonopolis." CIBA Review Vol.2 (1962)
2-33. [Special issue devoted to cotton, includes " Industrial City without a
Medieval Past"; "Early Origins of the Textile Industry"; Charlotte
Luetkens, "Cotton's Rise."]
Locations: 1, 115
Clark, Hazel. "The Design and Designing of Lancashire Printed Calicos During
the First Half of the 19th Century." Textile History Vol.15., No.1 (1984) 101-18.
Locations: 1, 7, 10, 15, 85, 112, 115
---. Textile Printing. Aylesbury: Shire, 1985. 32p. [No. 135 of Shire Albums.
General introduction.]
Locations: 1, 3, 4, 7, 11, 13, 18, 20, WT
Clemesha, H. W. The Weaver's Friend: A Short Account of a Former Parliamentary Candidate
for Preston. Preston: The Author, 1927. [Study of Joseph Hanson.]
Locations: 3
Cohen, J. S. "Managers and Machinery: An Analysis of the Rise of Factory
Production." Australian Economic Papers Vol.20 (1981) 24-41.
Locations: 115
Cole, Robert. Some Account of Lewis Paul, and His Invention of the Machine for Spinning
Cotton and Wool by Rollers, and His Claim to Such Invention to the Exclusion of John
Wyatt. British Association, Leeds Meeting 1858. [Paul invented various
cotton machinery including a roller-spinning machine which Arkwright later adopted as the
basis of his spinning-frame.]
Locations: 1
Cole, Stanley L. "A Reconstruction of Hargreaves' Spinning Jenny."
Engineering Designer (May 1964) 2-6.
Locations: 77, 111, 115
Coleman, Sally, and Nigel Morgan. Old Yarns Respun: The Story of Preston and the
Cotton Industry, 1791-1991. Preston: Harris Museum and Art Gallery, 1994. 27p.
[First published in 1991].
Locations: 3, 111
Coleridge, Hartley. "Sir Richard Arkwright," in Lives of the
Northern Worthies. Ed. Derwent Coleridge. 3 vols. London: Edward Moxon, 1852. Vol.
2. 358-85. [Earlier edition: The Worthies of Yorkshire and Lancashire London: 1832.]
Locations: 1
Collier, Frances. 0 "An Early Factory Community." Economic History Vol.2
(January, 1930) 118- 24 [Samuel Greg's mill and village, Styal.]
Locations: 1, 85
---. "Samuel Greg and Styal Mill." Memoirs and Proceedings of Manchester
Literary and Philosophical Society Vol.85 (1941-43) 139-57.
Locations: 1, 3, 85, 102, 115
---. "Workers in a Lancashire Factory at the Beginning of the Nineteenth
Century." Manchester School, 7 (1936) 50-4, 126-31. [Based on wages book at
Peel, Yates, & Peel's Burrs Mill, Bury,1800- 03.]
Locations: 10
Cooke, Anthony J. "Cotton and the Scottish Highland Clearances - the
Development of Spinningdale 1791-1806." Textile History Vol.26, No.1 (1995)
89-94.
Locations: 1, 7, 15, 85, 115
---. "Richard Arkwright and the Scottish Cotton Industry." Textile
History Vol.10 (1979) 196- 202.
Locations: 1, 7 10, 15, 85, 115
Cotton Board. Historical Notes on the Cotton Industry. With a Special Account of the
Quarry Bank Mill At Styal. Manchester: Cotton Board, c.1960. 30p.
Locations: 1
Crabtree, John Henry. Richard Arkwright. London: Sheldon Press, 1923. 78p. [Pioneers of
Progress. Men of Science. Author was H.M. Inspector of Factories]
Locations: 1, 10
[Crompton, Samuel]. Crompton. Some Testimonies to the Importance of His Invention.
Manchester: A. Ireland, [n.d.]. 8p. [Extracts include Baines, Bazley, and
Alison.]
Locations: 1
---. Samuel Crompton Centenary: Bolton June 7th-10th 1927. Bolton: 1927. 96p. [Souvenir
Booklet includes life of Crompton.]
Locations: 7
Dakeyne, James. "Samuel Crompton." New Church Magazine, Vol. 29, No.166
(October 1895) 437- 46.
Locations: 1
---. Samuel Crompton: A Sketch. Bolton: Glesdale Brothers. 1921. 39p.
Locations: 1, 3, 6, 7, 29
Daniels, George William. "The Cotton Trade At the Close of the Napoleonic
War." Transactions of the Manchester Statistical Society Session (1917-18)
1-30.
Locations: 1, 15, 85
---. "The Cotton Trade During the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars."
Transactions of the Manchester Statistical Society Session (1915- 16) 53-84.
Locations: 1, 15, 85
---. The Early English Cotton Industry: With Some Unpublished Letters of Samuel Crompton.
Introductory Chapter By George Unwin. Manchester: Manchester University Press,
1920. xxxi + 214p. [No. 36 of Historical Series. Pioneering early history.]
Locations: *
---. "The Early Records of a Great Manchester Cotton-Spinning Firm."
Economic Journal Vol.25 (1915) 175-88. [McConnel and Kennedy.]
Locations: 1, 2, 79, 85
---. "Industrial Lancashire Prior and Subsequent to the Invention of the
Mule." in The Official Record of the Annual Conference of the Textile
Institute Held at Bolton 7th, 8th and 9th June 1927 In Association With the Samuel
Crompton Centenary Celebrations. 71-86. [Special issue of the Journal of the Textile
Institute, 1927.]
Locations: 1, 7
---. "Samuel Crompton's Census of the Cotton Industry in 1811 and the
Organisation of a "Turn-Out" of Bolton Machine-Makers in 1831." Economic
History Vol.2 (January 1930) 107-10.
Locations: 1, 7, 85
---. "Valuation of Manchester Cotton Factories in the Early Years of the
Nineteenth Century." Economic Journal Vol.25 (1915) 625-6.
Locations: 1, 2, 79, 85
Davies, Margaret. "A Note on an Early Group of Cotton Mills." Geography
Vol.29., No.2 (January 1944) 62-5. [Mills in Cheesden Valley.]
Locations: 1, 10, 85
Dumbell, Stanley. "The Beginnings of the Liverpool Cotton Trade."
Economic Journal Vol.34 (1924) 278-81
Locations: 1. 2, 3, 85
---. "The Cotton Market in 1799." Economic History Vol.1 (1926) 141-8.
[Supplement to the Economic Journal]
Locations: 1, 2, 85
---. "Early Liverpool Cotton Imports and the Organisation of the Cotton Market
in the Eighteenth Century." Economic Journal Vol.33 (September 1923) 362-73.
Locations: 1, 2, 59, 85
Dyer, J. C. "Notes on Spinning Jenny Machines: Part 1; The Mule Jenny."
Memoirs and Proceedings of Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society New Series
(1862-64) 265-8. [Dyer's paper later discussed in Henry Brierley, "Remarks on
Mr Dyer's Paper Entitled 'Notes on Spinning Machines'." Memoirs and Proceedings of
Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society New Series (1864-5) 2- 12.]
Locations: 1, 85, 89
---. "Notes on Cotton Spinning Machinery: Part 2: Roving Frames." Memoirs
and Proceedings of Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society New Series
(1865-6) 148-50.
Locations: 1, 85, 89
Edensor, William. An Address to the Spinners and Manufacturers of Cotton Wool, Upon the
Present Situation of the Market. London: The Author,1792. 24p. [Argues that
manufacturers should buy raw materials directly from ports rather than from
dishonest traders; also warning of a shortage].
Locations: 1
Edwards, Michael M. The Growth of the British Cotton Trade 1780-1815. Manchester:
Manchester University Press, 1967. viii + 276p. [Important general economic
study.]
Locations: *
Espinasse, Francis. Lancashire Worthies, Vol I. Manchester: Heywood, 1874.
[Includes a sketch of the early history of cotton manufacture and biographical portraits
of inventors including John Kay (310-18), James Hargreaves (321-36) and Lewis Paul
(336-68).]
Locations: *
Esteban, J. C. "British Textile Prices, 1770-1831." Economic History
Review Vol.45 (1992) 66-105. [Argues for lower estimate of size of the British cotton
industry during the Industrial Revolution. See C.K. Harley (1995).]
Locations: 1, 85, 112, 115
---. "Further Evidence of Falling Prices of Cotton Cloth, 1768-1816."
Economic History Review Vol.48., No.1 (1995) 134-50. [Continuation of 1992 paper.]
Locations: 1, 85, 112, 115
Farnie, Douglas A. "An Index of Commercial Activity: The Membership of the
Manchester Royal Exchange, 1809-1948." Business History Vol.21, No.1 (1979) 97-106.
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 85, 112, 115
---. "The Textile Industry: Woven Fabrics." in A History of
Technology. Ed. Charles Singer, et al. Vol. 5. Cambridge, 1959.
569-94.
Locations: *
Fay, C. R. "The Cotton Market in 1799." Economic History Vol.1 (1929)
141-54.
Locations: 1, 85, 112
Fitton, Robert Sucksmith. "Arkwright." Advance No. 2 (1967) 10-15.
Locations: 1, 2, 13, 59, 91, 112
---. The Arkwrights: Spinners of Fortune. Manchester: Manchester University Press,
1989. xiv + 322p. [Standard biography of Arkwright and his family.]
Locations: *
---. "Overseas Trade During the Napoleonic Wars, as Illustrated by the Records
of W.G. And J. Strutt." Economica 20 (February 1953) 53-60.
Locations: 1, 85
Fitton, R. S. and A. P. Wadsworth. The Strutts and the Arkwrights, 1758-1830: A Study of
the Early Factory System. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1958. xii +
361p. [Important study focusing on business activities of W.G. & J. Strutt with
Jedediah Strutt (1726-97) and Richard Arkwright (1732-92).]
Locations: *
Fong, H. D. [Fang, Hsien-T'ing.] The Triumph of the Factory System in England.
Tientsin: Nankai University, 1930. 310p. [Based on the author's Yale University thesis,
1928. Reprint Philadelphia: Porcupine Press, 1978.]
Locations: 1
Freeman, Michael J. A Perspective on the Geography of English Internal Trade during the
Industrial Revolution. The Trading Economy of the Textile District of the Yorkshire
West Riding c.1800. Oxford: School of Geography, University of Oxford, 1982. 36p.
[No.29 of Research Paper.]
Locations: 3
----. "Transporting Methods in the British Cotton Industry in the
Industrial Revolution." Journal of Transport History, 3rd Vol.1., 0No.1 (September
1980) 59-74. [Study focuses on M'Connel and Kennedy, Strutts and Horrockses.]
Locations: 1, 3 6, 85,115
French, Gilbert J. The Life and Times of Samuel Crompton, of Hall-In-The-Wood, Inventor of
the Spinning Machine Called the Mule. Being the Substance of Two Papers Read to the
Members of the Bolton Mechanics' Institution. With an Appendix of Original
Documents. London, 1859. xx + 299p. [2nd ed. published Manchester: Thomas
Dinham, 1860; 3rd ed. published Manchester: Charles Simms, 1862. x + 164p.
Republished with an Introduction by S.D. Chapman: Bath: For Social Documents Ltd. by Adams
& Dart, 1970. xv + xvi + 299p.]
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 15, 19, 26, 59, CL 2nd. ed.: 3,
7, 102 3rd. ed. : 1, 3, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 18, 102
Freudenberger, Herman, Frances J. Mather and Clark Nardinelli. "A
New Look at the Early Factory Labor Force." Journal of Economic
History Vol.44 (Dec 1984) 1085-91.
Locations: 1, 2, 79, 85, 112, 115
Friend of the Poor (pseud). Thoughts on the Use of Machines in the Cotton
Manufacture, Addressed to the Working People...And to the Poor in General. By a Friend of
the Poor. Manchester: J. Harrop (printer), 1780. 21p. [Author was Thomas
Barnes.]
Locations: 1, CL
Frow, E., and R. Frow. The Gregs of Styal: Were They Benevolent Employers? Eccles:
Eccles and District History Society, 1986. [Eccles and District History Society.
Lectures.]
Locations: 15, 70, QBM
[Grant, Alexander]. Narrative of the Proceedings in the Court of King's-Bench on an
Information Filed Against Alexander Grant, Printer; Who Was Found Guilty of Shipping
Implements for Manufacturing Cotton Onboard the Bolina for Hamburgh. London:
Printed for A. Hamilton by W. & C. Spilsbury, 1800. 32p.
Locations: 1
Gregg, Gillian R. The Precis Historique of Charles Albert (a Story of Industrial Espionage
in the 18th Century). Translated and Edited By Gillian R. Gregg. Lancaster: Lancaster
Museum, 1977. 5p. [Adaptation of Mémoire pour le citoyen Boyer- Fanfrède contre le
citoyen Albert, Paris 1796.]
Locations: 1, 3, 59
Greysmith, D. "Patterns, Piracy and Protection in the Textile Printing
Industry 1787- 1850." Textile History Vol.14., No.2 (1983) 165-94.
Locations: 1, 7 10, 15, 85, 115
Guest, Richard. The British Cotton Manufactures, and a Reply to an Article on the Spinning
Machinery Contained in a Recent Number of the "Edinburgh Review".
Manchester: Henry Smith (printer), 1828. 232p. [Guest defends his Compendious
History of the Cotton-Manufacture against criticisms of J. R. McCulloch made in
No.91 of the Edinburgh Review, 1828.]
Locations: 1, 3, 6, 13, 17, 29, 91, CL
---. A Compendious History of the Cotton- Manufacture; With a Disproval of the Claim of
Sir Richard Arkwright to the Invention of Its Ingenious Machinery. Manchester: J.
Pratt, 1823. 70p. [Account of spinning inventions and power loom with evidence relating to
Arkwright's claims. Manchester Public Libraries' copy also holds the author's MS
copy with annotations. Facsimile edition published London: Frank Cass & Co.,
1968. 70p. No. 16 of Library of Industrial Classics.]
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 11, 15, 91, 102, 111
Gurr, Duncan, and Julian Hunt. The Cotton Mills of Oldham. Oldham: Oldham Leisure
Services, 1985. 60p. [Illustrated history; introductory survey of Oldham cotton
industry by D.A. Farnie.]
Locations: *
Hall, Neddy. The Sootpoke, Staly Bridge, the First Cotton Mill Built in Lancashire.
Stalybridge: George Whittaker, [1926]. 82p.
Locations: 20, 102
Harley, C. K., and N. F. R. Crafts. "Cotton Textiles and Industrial
Output Growth During the Industrial Revolution." Economic History Review Vol.48.,
No.1 (1995) 134-44.
Locations: 1, 85, 112, 115
Harrison, P. L. "A Bicentenary Appreciation of Samuel Crompton. Inventor of
the Spinning Mule." Journal of the Bradford Textile Society (1952-53) 21-5.
Locations: 1, 3
Harte, N. B. "On Rees's Cyclopaedia as a Source for the History of the Textile
Industries in the Early Nineteenth Century." Textile History Vol.5 (1974) 119-27.
Locations: 7, 10, 15
Haynes, Ian. Cotton in Ashton. Ashton- under-Lyne: Libraries and Arts
Committee, Tameside Metropolitan Borough, 1987. 55p. [Short history of cotton industry and
individual mills in Ashton.]
Locations: 3, 7, 11, 20, 102, 115
---. Dukinfield Cotton Mills. Manchester: Neil Richardson, 1993. 54p. [Short
history of cotton trade and individual mills in Dukinfield.]
Locations: 3, 15, 20, 102, 115
---. Mossley Textile Mills. Radcliffe, Manchester: Neil Richardson, 1996.
63p. [Short history of local cotton trade and individual mills.]
Locations: 3, 20, 102
---. Stalybridge Cotton Mills. Manchester: Neil Richardson, 1990. 43p. [Short
history of town's cotton tradeand mills.]
Locations: 3, 11, 15, 20, 91, 102, 111
Hefford, Wendy. The Victoria and Albert Museum's Textile Collection: Design for Printed
Textiles in England 1750 to 1850. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1992. 159p.
[Includes information on Lancashire calico printers.]
Locations: TI
Hewish, John. "From Cromford to Chancery Lane: New Light on the Arkwright
Patent Trials." Technology and Culture Vol.28, No.1 (1987) 80-6.
Locations: 85
Hills, Richard Leslie. Cotton Spinning. Manchester: North Western Museum of Science and
Industry, 1977. [Elementary guide to machines and processes.] 22p.
Locations: *
---. "Hargreaves, Arkwright and Crompton. Why Three Inventors?" Textile
History Vol.10 (1979) 114-26.
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 85, 112, 115
---. Power from Steam: A History of the Stationary Steam Engine. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1989. xv + 338p.
Locations: 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 52, 112
---. Power in the Industrial Revolution. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1970. ix
+ 274p. [Important study surveying growth of textile industry and development of
power to drive it.]
Locations: *
---. Richard Arkwright and Cotton Spinning. London: Priory Press, 1973. 96p.
[Pioneers of Science and Discovery.]
Locations: *
---. "Sir Richard Arkwright and his Patent Granted in 1769." Notes and
Records of the Royal Society of London Vol.24., No.2 (April 1970) 254- 60.
Locations: 1, 85, 112
Hills, R. L., and A. J. Pacey. "The Measurement of Power in Early Steam-Driven
Textile Mills." Technology and Culture Vol.13., No.1 (1972) 25-43.
Locations: 85
Holroyd, H. "Power Technology in the Halifax Textile Industry 1770-1851."
Transactions of the Halifax Antiquarian Society (1980) 63-75. [Discusses early cotton
industry in Halifax district.]
Locations: 1
Honeyman, Katrina. Origins of Enterprise: Business Leadership in the Industrial
Revolution. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1982. vii + 204p. [Includes
analysis of social characteristics of early cotton spinners, 1787 and 1811.]
Locations: *
Hunter, W. A. Crompton's Mule: Its Effect Upon the Cotton Industry and Its Transition from
the Hand Operated Machine to the Modern Self-Acting Mule. Bi-Centenary Lecture to Be Given
At the Albert Hall, Bolton, 3rd December, 1953. [1953] 16p.
Locations: 7
Hyde, F. E. Liverpool and the Mersey. The Development of a Port 1700-1970. Newton
Abbot: David and Charles, 1971. xvi + 269p. [Contains information on the cotton industry.]
Locations: *
Hyde, F. E., B. B. Parkinson, and Sheila Mariner. "The Cotton Broker and the
Rise of the Liverpool Cotton Market." Economic History Review, 2nd Vol.8., No.1
(August 1955-6) 75-83. [Examines development of Liverpool cotton trade and
emergence of specialist brokers.]
Locations: 1, 2, 3, 85, 112, 115
An Important Crisis, in the Callico and Muslin Manufactory in Great Britain, Explained.
1788. 28p. [Surveys present state of industry and calls for the limitation
or abolition of importation of Indian cotton goods.]
Locations: 1, 59
Jenkins, David T. "Early Factory Development in the West Riding of Yorkshire,
1770- 1800." in Textile History and Economic History: Essays in Honour of Miss
Julia De Lacy Mann. Ed. N. B. Harte and K. G. Ponting. Manchester:
Manchester University Press, 1973. 247-80.
Locations: *
Jeremy, David J. "British and American Entrepreneurial Values in the Early
Nineteenth Century: A Parting of the Ways?" in The End of Anglo-America.
Historical Essays in the Study of Cultural Divergence. Ed. Robert Arthur Burchell.
Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1991. 24- 59.
Locations: 1, 85, 112
---. "British and American Yarn Count Systems: An Historical Analysis." Business
History Review Vol.45., No.3 (Autumn 1971) 336-68.
Locations: 85, TI
---. "British Textile Technology Transmission to the United States: The
Philadelphia Region Experience 1770-1820." Business History Review Vol.47., No.1
(1973) 24-52.
Locations: 1, 85, 112
---"Cotton Mills in Developing Regions 1820-40. Massachusetts, and Some
Comparisons With Lancashire." in Gèographie Du Capital Marchand Aux
Amériques 1760-1860. Ed. Jeanne Chase. Paris: L'École des Hautes Études
en Sciences Sociales, 1987. 183-216.
Locations: 3
---. "Damning the Flood: British Governments' Efforts to Check the Outflow of
Technicians and Machinery, 1780-1843." Business History Review Vol.51., No.2 (1977)
1-34.
Locations: 1, 85, 112
---. "Immigrant Textile Machine Makers Along the Brandywine,
1810-1820." Textile History Vol.13., No.2 (1982) 225-48.
Locations: 1, 7, 10, 15, 85, 112, 115
---. "Innovation in American Textile Technology During the Early Nineteenth
Century." Technology and Culture Vol.14., No.1 (1973) 40-76.
Locations: 85
---. International Technology Transfer: Europe, Japan and the U.S.A., 1700-1914.
Aldershot: Gower, 1991. 320p.0
Locations: 3, 85, 112, 115
---. "Lancashire and the Diffusion of Technology." in The
Lancashire Cotton Industry: A History Since 1700. Ed. Mary B. Rose. Preston:
Lancashire County Books, 1996. 210-36. [Focus on nineteenth century]
Locations: *
---. "Transatlantic Industrial Espionage in the Early Nineteenth Century
" Textile History Vol.26, No.1 (1995) 95-122
Locations: 1, 7, 15, 85, 115
---. Transatlantic Industrial Revolution: The Diffusion of Textile Technologies Between
Britain and America, 1790-1830s. Oxford: Blackwell, 1981. xvii + 384p. [Detailed
study during key period of industry with good bibliography.]
Locations: *
Johnson, H. "Early Days of Bleaching." Transactions of the Lancashire and
Cheshire Antiquarian Society Vol.47 (1930-31) 224-39.
Locations: *
Jones, S.R.H. "The Origins of the Factory System in Great Britain."
in British Enterprise in Modern Britain. Ed. M.W. Kirby and M.B. Rose London: Routledge,
1994. 31-64
Locations: 85
Jones, Stuart. "The Cotton Industry and Joint-Stock Banking in Manchester,
1825-1850." Business History Vol.22, No.2 (1978) 165-80.
Locations: 1, 85, 112, 115
---. "The Entrepreneur in Banking: the Private Bankers of
Manchester 1770-1825. " South African Journal of Economic History Vol.8, No.1 (1993)
242-55.
Locations: 85
---. "The Financial Needs of the Cotton Industry During the Industrial
Revolution: A Survey of Recent Research." Textile History Vol.16., No.1 (1985) 45-67.
Locations: 1, 7, 10, 15, 85, 112, 115
---. "First Joint-Stock Banks in Manchester 1828-1836." South African
Journal of Economics (1976) 15-36.
Locations: 85
---. "The Manchester Cotton Magnates' Move into Banking 1826-1850."
Textile History Vol.9 (1978) 90-111.
Locations: 1, 7, 10, 15, 85, 112, 115
Kearsley, John. [Committee of Fustian Manufacturers.] Notice of a Public
Meeting to Be Held to Discuss the Proceedings of the Committee. The Copy of a Letter Sent
from John Kearsley, Chairman of the Committee to Thomas Stanley and John Blackburn. Copy
of a Resolution Taken At a Special Meeting of the Committee, 19 Feb. 1787.
Manchester 27 Feb. 1787. Manchester, 1787. [Refers to commercial
treaty between Britain and France.]
Locations: 1
Kennedy, John. "A Brief Memoir of Samuel Crompton; With a Description of his
Machine Called the Mule, and of the Subsequent Improvement of the Machine by
Others." Memoirs and Proceedings of Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society
Second Series, Vol.5 (1831) 318-53. [Also as separate pamphlet, Manchester, 1830.
38p.]
Locations: 1, 3, 4, 79, 85, 91, CL
---. Miscellaneous Papers, on Subjects Connected With the Manufactures of
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Locations: 1
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Locations: 1, CL
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Locations: 1, 13, 15, 33, 91
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Locations: 1
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Locations: *
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Pollard, Sydney. "Factory Discipline in the Industrial Revolution."
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---. "Robert Owen, Cotton Spinner: New Lanark, 1800-1825." in Robert Owen
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---. The Gregs of Styal. London: National Trust: Quarry Bank Mill Development
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Locations: 1, 3, 85, 112, 115
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Sandberg, L. G. "A Note on British Cotton Cloth Exports to the United States,
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Schott, Gustavus. Life of Edmund Cartwright. Bradford: William Byles &
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Scott, R. D. H. The Biggest Room in the World. A Short History of the Manchester Royal
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Seymour-Jones, Alfred. "The Invention of Roller-Drawing in Cotton
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Shapiro, Seymour. Capital and the Cotton Industry in the Industrial Revolution.
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Shimwell, D. W. "Capital Investment in the Expansion of a Jenny Workshop
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Locations: 1, 2,75, 79, 85, 112, 115
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Locations: 1, 3, 7, 10, 15, 85, 112, 115
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Tomlinson, V. I. "The Coming of Industry." in Salford: A City and
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Locations: *
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Locations: 1, 79, 85, 115
Tupling, George Henry. The Economic History of Rossendale. Manchester:
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Locations: 1, 85, 112, 115
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Watkins, George. The Textile Mill Engine. 2 vols. Newton Abbot: David and
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---. Lord Stanley's Speech At the Manchester Town Hall, June 19th, 1857.
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"The Fieldens of Todmorden." London Society (November 1883) 481-96. [Cotton
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Gladstone, Robert. Prices Current from Robert Gladstone & Co. of Manchester.
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Greenhalgh, Joseph Dodson. Memoranda of the Greenhalgh Family. Bolton: Abbatt
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Greg, William Rathbone. Not Over- Production, but Deficient Consumption, the Source
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Holbrook-Jones, Michael. Supremacy and Subordination of Labour: The Hierarchy
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Holland, John. "Hugh Mason. Cotton Master, Puritan and Father
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---. "How Did Labor Markets Work in Lancashire? More Evidence on Prices and
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Inikori, J. E. "Slavery and the Revolution in Cotton Textile Production in
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Jenkins, David T. "The Cotton Industry in Yorkshire." Textile History
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Jones, George T. Increasing Return. A Study of the Relation Between the Size and
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Kenworthy, William. Inventions and Hours of Labour: A Letter to Master Cotton Spinners,
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Lamb, David. "Cotton and the Cotton Trade." Transactions of the Historic
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Lang, John Dunmore. Cotton from Australia [a Letter] to the Cotton Spinners and
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Langshaw, Arthur. How Cotton Came to Clitheroe. Clitheroe: Borough Printing Co.,
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Law, Brian. "Fielden Brothers, Todmorden: the Rise to Prominence,
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Lee, Daniel. The Policy of Piracy: As a Branch of National Industry, and a Source of
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Mallalieu, Alfred. "The Cotton Manufacture." Blackwood's Edinburgh
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Marriott and Co. Cotton Trade Circulars and Tables. Liverpool: The Company,
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Miller, George C. Blackburn: The Evolution of a Cotton Town. The History of the
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Murray, Norman. The Scottish Handloom Weavers, 1790-1850: A Social History.
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[Potter, Edmund]. A Letter to the Rt. Hon. Lord Althorp, Chancellor of the Exchequer, on
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---. Organization and Technology in Capitalist Development. Aldershot:
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---. Modern Industrial Tendencies. Manchester: 0Sherratt & Hughes, 1926. xii + 259p.
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---. The New Industrial Era. Manchester: Sherratt & Hughes, 1923. 378p.
[Articles and speeches dealing mainly with the cotton industry, and lessons for wider
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---. Recollections. London: Cassell + Co., 1921. ix + 275p. [Autobiography,
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---. Social and Industrial Reform. Manchester: Sherratt & Hughes, 1918. 206p.
[Post- war reconstruction, including the cotton industry.]
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---. Trade Stability and How to Obtain It; Including Evidence Submitted to the Committee
Appointed By the Government in July (1924) to Inquire into British Trade Problems. 2nd ed.
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greater control of the cotton industry, especially the development of a raw cotton
reserve.]
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 11
Machin, Frank. Home Truths About Cotton. London: Odhams Press, 1933.
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Manchester Chamber of Commerce. Manchester Makes: A Review of Industries, Other Than
Cotton, Carried on in the Great Industrial Area of South-East Lancashire and North-East
Cheshire, Together With a Classified List of Manufacturers. Manchester: Manchester
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Mills, William Haslam. Sir Charles W. Macara, Bart.: A Study of Modern Lancashire. 2nd ed.
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Partington, Harold. Cotton Spinners' Control and Redundancy Plan. A Criticism.
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Pickard, Robert H. An Experiment in Co- Operative Research in the Cotton and Other
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---. "Manchester and Cotton." in The Soul of Manchester.
Ed. William Harrison 0Brindley. 1929. 201-209. [Reprinted
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---, ed. Research in the Cotton Industry: A Review of the Work of the British Cotton
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Locations: 1, 3
---. "The Shirley Institute." in The Book of Manchester and Salford;
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Political and Economic Planning. Planning: A Broadsheet Issued By PEP.
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---. Report on the British Cctton Industry. London: PEP, 1935.
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Porter, Jeffrey H. "The Commercial Banks and the Financial Problems of the
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---. "Cotton and Wool Textiles." in British Industry Between the
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Rust, William. What's Wrong With Lancashire? Manchester, 1936. 12p.
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Seyd and Co. Ltd. The Manchester, Cotton District, and General Lancashire
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Sharp, F. I. Glossop's Staple Industry: Lecture on Cotton Spinning By Mr. F.I. Sharp,
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Shepherd, W. E. "Banking in Its Relation to the Cotton Industry."
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Locations: 1, 7
Shirley Institute. Design and the Cotton Industry:..A Report...on Existing
Conditions in the Industry and the Schools,...With a Memorandum Containing the
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Locations: 1
---. The Story of Shirley: A History of Shirley Institute, Manchester, 1919-1988.
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Shirley Institute, Manchester Joint Standing Committee for Education and the Cotton
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Singleton, John. "The Cotton Industry and the British War Effort,
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Locations: 1, 2, 3, 79, 85, 112, 115
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---. Lancashire and Whitehall: The Diary of Sir Raymond Streat. Edited By
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the industry's decline and the ineffectiveness of government and industry in preventing
it. See review in Historical Journal Vol.32 (September 1989) 763-8.]
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Summerscales, John H. British Cotton Growing. Oldham: F. & G. Pollard, [1928.]
32p.
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Tattersall, Frederick W. Can Lancashire Survive in World Competition?: An Address Given to
the Members of the Liverpool Cotton Trade Institute on Wednesday, Dec. 11th, 1929.
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Textile Institute. A 21 Years' Chronology of Textiles, 1910-1931; [With]
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---. Official Record of the Annual Conference of the Textile Institute Held At Bolton 7th,
8th and 9th June 1927, in Association With the Samuel Crompton Centenary Celebrations.
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Textile Mercury and Argus. Jubilee Souvenir, 1889-1939. Manchester: Textile
Mercury, 1939. 216p [Includes articles on fifty years of textile progress, the
power loom, ring spinning and automatic weaving.]
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Textile Recorder. "The Cotton Textile Industry", Being a Supplement to the
"Textile Recorder" for the British Empire Exhibition. Manchester: Textile
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1924. Brief chapters on the history of the industry by G.W. Daniels; Bleaching by
S.H. Higgins; Cotton statistics by J. Todd. Also information on prominent firms engaged in
the industry.]
Locations: 1, 3
---. Textile Machinery and Accessories, Yarns and Fabrics Exhibition, At Belle Vue,
Manchester, October 15th-22nd 1938. Official Catalogue. Manchester: Textile
Recorder, 1938. 88p.
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Textile Institute, Manchester. Plea for Wider Recognition and Support. Manchester:
Textile Institute, 1917. 7p.
Locations: 1
Thompson, William. "Doing Nothing" or, Empire Grown Cotton for Empire
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Toy, Francis C. "The Influence of Science on the Cotton Industry."
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Trades Union Congress. General Council. Cotton. The T.U.C. Plan of Socialisation.
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Locations: 1, WCML
United Textile Factory Workers' Association. Inquiry into the Cotton Industry 1921- 1922:
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---. Inquiry into the Cotton Industry: Interim Report on the Capital Side of the Industry.
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Locations: 3, 7
---. Memorandum on the Cotton Industry. Prepared By the Labour Research Department
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Viktovitch, B. "The U.K. Cotton Industry, 1937-1954." Journal of
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Walker, Frank M. & Co. Effect of Peace Upon the Cotton Market. Liverpool: W.H.
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Locations: 1, 2
Waller, William Henry. The Gold Standard and the Effect of Our Return on the Cotton
Trade and Other Industries of the Nation. A Series of Letters. Manchester: W.
Stansfield, 1929. 15p.
Locations: 1
---. A Series of Letters Relating to the Cotton Trade, Banking and Public Finance.
Manchester, 1932. 22p.
Locations: 1
Weston-Webb, Weston Fulford Marriott. The Autobiography of a British Yarn Merchant.
London: Cayme Press, 1929. 247p. [Discusses cotton industry in Manchester
and Europe.]
Locations: 1
Whewell, C. S. "Textile Manufacturer." in A History of Technology.
Volume 6: The Twentieth Century, Part 1. Ed. Trevor I. Williams.
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Locations: 1, 3, 20, 85, 112, TI
Wisselink, J. The Concentration in the English Cotton Industry; With Some Remarks
About the Possible Effects on the Cotton Industry in Holland and Other Countries.
Rotterdam: Harvard Business Review, 1930. 46p. [Translated from the Dutch.
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Locations: 1, 7, 102
---. "The Lancashire Cotton Corporation and Its Effect on World
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Locations: 85
---. "The Present Condition of the English Cotton Industry." Harvard
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Locations: 85
Wurm, Clemens A. Business, Politics and International Relations: Steel, Cotton and
International Cartels in British Politics, 1924-1939. Translated By Patrick Salmon.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. xvii + 398p. [Important study, see
review in International History Review, 1994 (16) 382-5. ]
Locations: 85, 111, 112, 115
9. End of the Industry, 1940-1980
Alexander, Donald. "What Manchester Thinks To-day ": A Study of the
British Cotton Industry London: Army Bureau of Current Affairs, 1946. 20p. [No.117
of Army Bureau of Current Affairs.]
Locations: 1
Alfred, A. M. "U.K. Textiles - a Growth Industry." Transactions of the
Manchester Statistical Society Session (1965) 21p.
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Anglo-Eastern Bank Limited. The U.K. Textile Industry in the 1970s: Prospects for the
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Allen, G. C. "The Report of the Working Party on the Cotton Industry."
Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies Vol.14 (1946) 60-73.
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Ascoli, Walter S. The Merchant in the Cotton Industry. Manchester, 1942.
28p.
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Associated Industrial Consultants Ltd. A Reference Booklet of the Calculation of Earnings
Under the New Wages Structure for the Weaving Trade. March 1948.
London/Derby: A.I.C. Ltd./Bemrose, 1948. 33p. (+ 17p. tabs.) [The Association created the
structure under the authority of the Rayon Weaving Association and Cotton Manufacturing
Commission. Covers base wage, bonuses, efficiency, production and control records,
earnings calculation and skill recognition.]
Locations: BM
Bevin, Ernest. The Speech of the Rt. Hon. Ernest Bevin At a Conference of Cotton Industry
Representatives Organized By the Cotton Board At Houldsworth Hall, Manchester, January
1944. Manchester: Cotton Board, 1944.
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Blackburn, John A. "The British Textile Industry since World War II: The
Search for a Strategy." Textile History Vol.24., No.2 (1993) 235- 58.
Locations: 1, 7, 15, 59
---. "The Vanishing UK Cotton Industry." National Westminster Bank
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Locations: 3, 6, 7, 115
Board for Social Responsibility. Textile Group. The Winding Down of Textiles, Jobs,
Profits, Communities. Manchester: The Textile Group, 1985. 23p. [Covers
textile job losses and personal reminiscences of textile workers.]
Locations: 11
Board of Trade. Working Party Reports. Cotton. London: H.M.S.O, 1946.
vi + 278p. [Proposals for the post-war cotton industry.]
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 11, 13, 22, 59, CL, BM
Bolton, J. Report to the Industry on the Cotton Board's Residential Course for Foremen.
Manchester: Cotton Board, 1953. 16p.
Locations: 1
Briscoe, Lynden. The Textile and Clothing Industries of the United Kingdom.
Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1971. xiii + 211p.
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 10, 11, 13, 20, 91
British Textile Confederation. A Future for British Textiles. Briefing and Background to
the Threat to One of Britain's Most Successful Industries. London: The
Confederation, 1977. 9p.
Locations: 49
Catling, Harold. "No Longer King: The Post0-War Developments in the Lancashire Cotton
Industry." Lancashire Life Vol.20., No.1 (1972) 72-3.
Locations: 1, 3
Chiplin, Brian. The Cotton and Allied Textiles Industry. London: Economists'
Advisory Group (Moodies Services), 1974. 73p. [Edited by D.S. Lees.]
Locations: 3, 13, 18
Coleman, Donald C. Courtaulds. An Economic and Social History. Volume 3: Crisis and Change
1940-1965. Vol 3. 3 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980. xiii + 345p.
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Clark, Gregory. "Why Isn't the Whole World Developed? Lessons from the
Cotton Mills." Journal of Economic History Vol.47, No.1 (1987) 141-73.
Locations: 1, 79, 85, 112, 115
Cotton Board. British Cotton and Rayon Textiles: Issued for the Information of Buyers of
Cotton and Rayon Textiles and Textile Products. Manchester: Cotton Board, [1940].
149p.
Locations: 1, 91
---. The Case for a Viable U.K. Cotton Industry. Manchester: The Cotton Board,
1964. 11p.
Locations: 11
---. Conference Papers. Manchester: Cotton Board, 1945-. [Printed papers presented
to annual conference.]
Locations: 1945-56: 1 1960-63: 3 1954-58: 7
---. The Cotton Industry and the Consequences of Unlimited Imports: Case for Protective
Action By the Government. Manchester: Cotton Board, 1956.
Locations: 1
---. The Cotton Industry in a Changing World: Uncorrected Preprints of Papers Prepared for
the Cotton Board Conference At Harrogate, October 21-23 19490. Manchester: Cotton Board,
1949. 100p. [Includes papers: R. Robson: "The Changing Pattern of World
Trade in Cotton Textiles"0; A.P. Wadsworth, "The Labour Shortage".]
Locations: 3
---. The Implications for the UK Cotton Industry of Britain's Entry into the E.E.C.
Manchester: Cotton Board, 1962. 105p.
Locations: 1, 7, 102, BM
---. Report of the Cotton Board Committee to Enquire into Post-War Problems, Submitted to
the President of the Board of Trade, January, 1944. Manchester: Cotton Board, 1944.
55p. [Chairman: E. Raymond Streat.]
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 91, 102
---. Survey of the Machinery in the Weaving Section of the Cotton Industry As At 1st Sept.
1948): Cotton, Rayon and Mixed Fabrics. Manchester: Cotton Board, 1949. 42p.
Locations: 1, 91
---. Tomorrow's Leaders: A Scholarship Scheme for the Cotton Industry. Manchester:
Cotton Board, 1957.
Locations: 1, 3
Cotton Board. Colour Design and Style Centre. Cotton At Home: A Show Place Where Many of
the Industry's Finest Products May Be Seen, Exists to Provide Design Ideas and Information
to the Manufacturers of British Cotton Fabrics. Manchester: Cotton Board, [196-].
8p. [Describes the work of the centre.]
Locations: 1, CL
Cotton Board. Industry Relations Department. Processing Britain's Cottons.
Manchester: Cotton Board, 1957. 41p.
Locations: 1, 3, 6, 7, 21, 91, 102
Cotton Board. Labour Department. Modernisation in the Cotton Spinning Industry: Report on
Labour Re-Deployment in the Musgrave Mill Cardroom, Bolton 1948. Manchester: Cotton
Board. Labour Department, 1948. 53p.
Locations: 1, 3, 7, 21
---. Ein Willkommen Wartet Auf Sie! [Here's a Welcome!]. Manchester: Cotton Board,
1948. 28p. [Text in English and German. Booklet inviting displaced
persons in Europe to volunteer for work in English cotton mills.]
Locations: 7
Cotton Board. Labour Department, and National Federation of Textile Works Managers
Association. Equipment and Labour Utilisation in the Cotton Industry: Papers and
Discussions At a Conference in Buxton in October, 1947, Organised By the Cotton Board With
the Collaboration of the National Federation of Textile Works Managers' Associations.
Buxton: National Federation of Textile Works Managers Association, 1947.
Locations: 1, 3, 7, SM
Cotton Board. Recruitment and Training Department. Cotton on the March. Manchester:
Cotton Board, [1945]. 20p. [Careers in the Cotton Industry. Also on cover: "The
cotton industry offers a career to your boy or girl." Gives a brief history of
the industry, explains basic processes and sets out working conditions and prospects for
young people entering the industry.]
Locations: 1, 7
---. Education and Training for Cotton and Rayon Industry: Papers and Discussions At a
Conference in Manchester in September 1946 Organized By the Cotton Board With the
Collaboration of the British Rayon Federation, the Textile Institute and the Textile
Teachers' Association. Manchester: Cotton Board, 1946. 160p.
Locations: 1, 3, 7, SM, TI
---. Employee Services: A Technical Display for the Cotton Industry, April-June, 1945.
Manchester: Cotton Board, 1945.
Locations: 7
---. Learning - And Liking It! The Systematic Training of Juvenile Entrants in the
Cotton Weaving Industry. Manchester: Cotton Board, 1945. 62p.
Locations: 1, 7
---. Where Are You Going? Manchester: Cotton Board. Recruitment and Training
Department, [196-]. [Recruitment pamphlet for school-leavers. Also contains
"Cotton Facts about the Rochdale Area.".]
Locations: 1, 7
Cotton Board, Manchester, and Ministry of Labour and National Service. A Job in
Cotton. Manchester: Cotton Board, 1945. [Information for those wishing to train for
employment in the industry.] 1p.
Locations: 1
Crabtree, John. A Future for British Textiles. Nelson: Nelson and Colne
Conservative Association, 1958. 43p.
Locations: 1, 3, 9
Cripps, Sir Stafford. The Future of the Cotton Industry. An Address Given By the
Rt. Hon. Sir Stafford Cripps, President of the Board of Trade, At Public Meetings Held in
Oldham, Bolton and Blackburn, Aug. 12, 1945. Manchester: Cotton Board, Recruitment
and Training Department, 1945. 16p. [Cover title is "The Government's Plan for
Cotton". Pamphlet issued by the Recruitment and Training Department of the
Cotton Board. Addresses the problem of decline remedies proposed in the Plan.]
Locations: 1, 112
Dennison, S. R. "The Cotton Industry." in Studies in Company
Finance: A Symposium on the Economic Analysis and Interpretation of British Company
Accounts. Ed. Brian Tew and Ronald Frank Henderson. Cambridge: N.I.E.S.R.,
1959. 157-81.
Locations: 3
Devine, Pat, and Harry Kershaw. Cotton. How Lancashire Workers Can Save Their Homes
and Livelihood. Manchester: Communist Party of Great Britain, Lancashire District
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LANCASHIRE COTTON AND THE
WORLD
EUROPE
France
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Forrester, Robert Blair. The Cotton Industry in France: A Report to the Electors of the
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S, J. A Treatise on the Approaching Commercial Intercourse Between Great Britain
and France, Principally Relating to the Cotton Manufactures of France...Illustrated With
the Translation of A Memorial, Presented to the Minister of the Interior of the French
Republic...In 1801, on the Subject of the Treaty of Commerce Concluded Between Great
Britain and France In...1786, By a Merchant and Manufacturer, of Rouen... By a Gentleman,
Who Resided in Rouen During the French Revolution. London: Printed for the Author,
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A View of the Cotton Manufactories of France, with the Several Progresses They Have Made,
and the State in which They Remained at the Close of the Year 1802. Manchester: R. &
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Cotton Board. Western Germany: The Market for Britain's Cottons.
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Schanz, Moritz. Cotton Growing in German Colonies. Manchester: Taylor, Garnett,
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Italy
Besso, Sabbato Louis. The Cotton Industry in Switzerland, Vorarlberg,0 and Italy. A Report
to the Electors of the Gartside Scholarships. Manchester: Sherratt & Hughes at
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Norway
Bruland, Kristine. British Technology and European Industrialization: The Norweigan
Textile Industry in Mid Nineteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
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Russia
Thompstone, Stuart. "Ludwig Knoop, "the Arkwright of Russia"."
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Ward, Chris. Russia's Cotton Workers and the New Economic Policy: Shop-Floor Culture and
State Policy 1921-1929. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. xvi + 304p.
Locations: 85, 112, 115
Spain
Thomson, J. K. J. A Distinctive Industrialization: Cotton in Barcelona, 1728-1832.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. xix + 347p. [Important study of early
Spanish cotton industry.]
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Sweden
Cotton Board. Sweden's Cotton Industry. Manchester: Cotton Board, 1949. 69p.
[Report of Cotton Board Delegation to Sweden and survey of welfare conditions.]
Locations: 1, BM
Dunn, P. Jr. Cotton in the Middle East. Memphis, Tennessee, 1952. v + 187p. [Study
covers Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Arabia, Afghanistan, Cyprus and
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Lamm, Carl Johan. Cotton in Medieval Textiles of the Near East. Paris: Librairie
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UNITED STATES
Bailey, R. "The Other Side of Slavery - Black Labor, Cotton, and Textile
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British Productivity Council (formerly Anglo-American Council on Productivity). Cotton
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Representing the Cotton Yarn Industry. London: British Productivity Council, 1950.
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Cohn, David L. The Life and Times of King Cotton. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1956. viii + 286p. [Study of American industry with some details of
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Copeland, Melvin Thomas. The Cotton Manufacturing Industry of the United States.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1912. xii + 415p.
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Cotton Yarn Association. Statistical Information Concerning Cotton Spinning in the United
States of America. Manchester: The Association, 1929. 28p.
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Cox, Alonzo Bettis. Marketing American Cotton in England. Washington: United States
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Dickson, Harris. The Story of the King Cotton. An Account of the American Cotton Industry.
New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1937. xii + 309p.
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Gibson, Roland. Cotton Textile Wages in the United States and Great Britain. A Comparison
of Trends, 1860-1945. New York: King's Crown Press, Columbia University, 1948. ix +
137p.
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Hamby, Dame Scott, et al., eds. The American Cotton Handbook: A Reference and Text for the
Entire Cotton Textile Industry. 3rd ed. 2 vols. New York: Interscience Publishers,
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Hammond, Matthew Brown. The Cotton Industry-An Essay in American Economic History.
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Jeremy, David J. Technology and Power in the Early American Cotton Industry: James
Montgomery, the Second Edition of His "Cotton Manufacture" (1840) and the
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Killick, J. R. "Botton, Ogden and Company: A Case Study in Anglo-American
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Mallet, John William. Cotton: The Chemical, Geological and Meterological Conditions
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Practice of Culture in the Southern or Cotton States of North America. London:
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Ministry of Production. Report of the Cotton Textile Mission to the United States of
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Mitchell, N. M. Visit of an American Consultant to Lancashire: Summary of Addresses By Mr.
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Montgomery, James. A Practical Detail of the Cotton Manufacture of the United States of
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cotton industry, with comparative statistics on costs, wages and production etc. Includes
an historical sketch of the industry. Montgomery was superintendent of the
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Shepperson, Alfred B., ed. Cotton Facts: A Compilation from Official and Reliable Sources
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Southern Fertilizing Company. Cotton: Its Production and Movement in the United States:
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Toy, Francis C. Impressions of a Tour of the American Textile Industry: Being the
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Uttley, Thomas William. Cotton Spinning and Manufacturing in the United States of America;
a Report to the Electors to the Gartside Scholarships on the Results of a Tour of the
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Manchester: University of Manchester, 1905. xii + 69p.
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Ware, Caroline Farrar. The Early New England Cotton Manufacture. A
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White, George S. Memoir of Samuel Slater, the Father of American Manufactures, Connected
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With Remarks on the Moral Influence of Manufactories in the United States.. 2nd ed.
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Young, Thomas M. The American Cotton Industry. A Study of Work and Workers,
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LATIN AMERICA
Marrison, A. J. "Great Britain and Her Rivals in the Latin American Cotton Piece
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SOUTH AMERICA
Argentina
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Brazil
Diroletti, Domingos. "The Growth of the Brazilian Textile Industry and the
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Pearse, Arno S., and International Federation of Master Cotton Spinners' and
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Stein, Stanley J. The Brazilian Cotton Manufacture: Textile Enterprise in an
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Brown, Clement H. Egyptian Cotton. London: Leonard Hill
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Dumett, R. E. "Obstacles to Government- Assisted Agricultural Development in West
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Egboh, Edmund O. "The Adventures of the British Cotton Growers Association in
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Empire Cotton Growing Corporation. Cotton Growing in Southern Africa and Rhodesias. Report
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Fowler, Thomas K. Report on the Cultivation of Cotton in Egypt: Its Origins, Progress, and
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Manchester Cotton Company, Ltd. The Executive Committee of the Manchester Cotton Company
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ASIA
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Be Just to India; Prevent Famine, and Cherish Commerce. By a Member of the Cotton Supply
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